Pre-trained quantum convolutional neural network for COVID-19 disease classification using computed tomography images

Abstract

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant influence on economies and healthcare systems around the globe. One of the most important strategies that has proven to be effective in limiting the disease and reducing its rapid spread is early detection and quick isolation of infections. Several diagnostic tools are currently being used for COVID-19 detection using computed tomography (CT) scan and chest X-ray (CXR) images. Methods In this study, a novel deep learning-based model is proposed for rapid detection of COVID-19 using CT-scan images. The model, called pre-trained quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN), seamlessly combines the strength of quantum computing with the feature extraction capabilities of a pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN), particularly VGG16. By combining the robust feature learning of classical models with the complex data handling of quantum computing, the combination of QCNN and the pre-trained VGG16 model improves the accuracy of feature extraction and classification, which is the significance of the proposed model compared to classical and quantum-based models in previous works. Results The QCNN model was tested on a SARS-CoV-2 CT dataset, initially without any pre-trained models and then with a variety of pre-trained models, such as ResNet50, ResNet18, VGG16, VGG19, and EfficientNetV2L. The results showed the VGG16 model performs the best. The proposed model achieved 96.78% accuracy, 0.9837 precision, 0.9528 recall, 0.9835 specificity, 0.9678 F1-Score and 0.1373 loss. Conclusion Our study presents pre-trained QCNN models as a viable technique for COVID-19 disease detection, showcasing their effectiveness in reaching higher accuracy and specificity. The current paper adds to the continuous efforts to utilize artificial intelligence to aid healthcare professionals in the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients.