Abstract
This article presents the results of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of an innovative directional control valve consisting of four poppet seat valves and two electromagnets enclosed inside a single body. The valve has a unique design, allowing the use of any poppet valve configuration. Both normally opened (NO) and normally closed (NC) seat valves can be applied. The combination of four universal valve seats and two electromagnets gives a wide range of flow path configurations. This significantly increases the possibility of practical applications. However, due to the significant miniaturization of the valve body and the requirement to obtain necessary connections between flow paths, multiple geometrically complex channels had to be made inside the body. Hence, the main purpose of work was to shape the geometry of the flow channels in such a way as to minimize pressure losses. During the CFD analyses velocity distribution in flow channels and pressure distribution on the walls were determined. The results were used to obtain pressure loss as a function of flow rate, which was then verified by means of laboratory experiments conducted on a test bench.
Highlights
Hydraulic drive and control systems are widely used in both stationary and mobile devices.Most hydraulic drives implement a fixed work cycle, usually involves obtaining the required direction of the cylinder or hydraulic motor movement
Since there are seat valves in each flow path, and the valves are characterized by similar flow resistance values, the main differences occur due to the various length and geometry of both inlet and outlet flow channels
The results obtained for P − A and P − T flow paths in the form of velocity and pressure distributions are shown in Figures 10 and 11, respectively
Summary
Hydraulic drive and control systems are widely used in both stationary and mobile devices.Most hydraulic drives implement a fixed work cycle, usually involves obtaining the required direction of the cylinder or hydraulic motor movement. Hydraulic control valves are commonly used to set the proper flow direction. They can be controlled in various ways, including the usage of a digital controller or a computer in case when the valve is equipped with electromagnets. A standard one-solenoid spool valve provides two operating positions, the first one obtained by switching on the electromagnet and the other by means of a return spring. Cylinder movement in one direction, stop at the fixed position and return movement. This is sufficient for most standard applications, such as control of fluid flow direction in a system with a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic motor. In some cases spool valves have some disadvantages, such as impossibility to ensure complete tightness, which requires the use of additional shut-off valves and relatively small number of possible flow paths, which may be a serious problem in more advanced systems
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