Presenting the Model of Health Technomarts with the Approach of Marketing Knowledge-Based Products: Grounded Theory

A deeper understanding of how multimedia-based instruction interacts with the cognitive processes of EFL learners during listening tasks is needed to maximize its effectiveness. By employing a grounded theory approach, this study aimed to develop a theoretical framework that explains how multimedia-based instruction influences EFL learners' cognitive processes during listening tasks. Two higher education institutions were chosen based on the consideration that they have experienced the use of multimedia in teaching and learning EFL listening skills. Twenty-four students were selected for a theoretical sampling with an open sampling pattern to help researchers form the best theory. To enhance the understanding of the phenomenon, participant observation and semi-structured interviews served as the primary data collection techniques in this study. The researchers directly observed the process of teaching listening and then proceeded with a semi-structured interview. This study had three stages of the data analysis process: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The results indicated the cognitive effects of multimedia-based instruction on students' listening skills include improved comprehension and enhanced knowledge retention. It also developed a theory that links educational technology, cognitive psychology, and language acquisition through data analysis using the grounded theory method. This hypothesis implies that multimedia facilitates complex mental processes and enables students to process information effectively, understand it better, and retain it in their long-term memory.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the academic well-being of gifted students to develop a model. Methods and Materials: The research method used in this study was qualitative, utilizing a grounded theory approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The data were examined and analyzed based on Strauss and Corbin's (1998) grounded theory methodology. The study population consisted of all male and female gifted sixth-grade students in the city of Isfahan in 2022. The research sample was selected through purposive sampling, and after conducting interviews with 23 students, the factors influencing academic well-being were identified. It should be noted that data analysis was conducted using three stages of open, axial, and selective coding. Findings: Based on the results of the study, open codes were organized around 57 concepts, axial codes included 8 concepts, and selective codes were identified and extracted into 4 concepts under the titles of school context, family context, social context, and individual resources. Conclusion: The findings of the research suggest that by recognizing and understanding the factors influencing academic well-being, it is possible to create conditions that enhance the academic well-being of gifted students.

In many ways, technology policy as a ‘visible hand’ in the technology market often exerts significant economic effects on firms’ investing behaviors regarding research and development (R&D) and technology transaction. In addition, proper management of technology is critical to the foundation of national and organizational competitiveness. With the ongoing rivalry between mainland China and Taiwan, national security is always a significant policy concern for all parties. Technology Protection Act (TPA) has recently been brought about by Taiwan government to better the environment of technology development and strengthen national security. An institutional perspective is taken in this paper in analyzing its potential effects on industry development. As time is one of the essential elements in understanding the characteristics of market development, both technology and industry policy makers need to have in mind the dynamic nature of technology market while crafting the framework of policies. In this paper, efforts have been made to develop an integrative model based on Technology Life Cycle (TLC) and Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) to address its potential impact on the institutional environment and thereby on both demand and supply behavior of technology market participants. Suggestions are formulated for policy makers. Key words: Technology market, life cycle, transaction cost economics, governance, institutional theory.

본 연구는 중소기업의 기술경쟁력과 기술마케팅이 중소기업의 사업화성과에 미치는 영향을 실증조사 하는데 목적이 있다. 정부의 인정을 받은 기업부설연구소 및 연구개발전담부서를 보유한 중소기업의 신제품 및 신기술 담당자 204명을 대상으로 기술경쟁력과 기술마케팅, 사업화성과에 대하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구는 중소기업의 기술경쟁력이 기술마케팅과 사업화성과에 미치는 영향을 조사하였고 기술마케팅이 사업화성과에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 실증분석 결과, 첫째, 기술경쟁력의 기술혁신능력과 기술사업화능력, R&D집중도(인적투자) 변수는 기술마케팅에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 나타냈다. 둘째, 사업화능력은 사업화 판매와 비판매성과에 R&D집중도(물적투자)는 사업화비판매성과에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 나타냈다. 셋째, 기술마케팅의 핵심기술 및 보완기술 요인이 높을수록 사업화성과가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 기술중심의 중소기업은 기술경쟁요인인 기술혁신능력과 기술사업화능력, R&D집중도를 높이기 위하여 지속적인 노력을 수행하여야 한다. The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of SMEs' technological competitiveness and technology marketing on commercialization performance. For this, we conducted a survey targeting 204 people who are in charge of new product or technology development in SMEs which possess corporate R&D center authorized by the government on technological competitiveness, technology marketing and commercialization performance. The paper studied the effects of technological competitiveness on technology marketing and commercialization performance, technology marketing on commercialization performance. Empirical analysis shows follow results. First, technological competitiveness which includes technology innovation capability, technology commercialization capability and R&D intensity (investment on R&D personnel) have a positive effect on technology marketing. Second, technology commercialization capability have a positive effect on commercialization sales performance & commercialization non-sales performance, R&D intensity (investment on R&D physical) have a positive effect on commercialization non-sales performance. Third, high core technology and enabling technology on technology marketing result in better commercialization performance. As a result, technology-centered SMEs need to make continuous efforts to elevate technological competitiveness factors such as technology innovation capability, technology commercialization capability and R&D intensity.

AimDeveloping a theory explaining how public health nurses accomplish and adapt counselling in lifestyle habits to decrease obesity in people with mobility disability.DesignEmpirical research ‐ qualitative.MethodClassic grounded theory with face‐to‐face interviews, 2017–2018, using inductive approach to understand public health nurses' intervening experiences with obesity patients.ResultsTo initiate the conversation emerged as the main concern meaning having difficulties initiating conversations about obesity with patients. Public health nurses’ facilitators to communicate lifestyle changes emerged as the pattern generating the theory, which consists of the categories; person‐centeredness in the situation, experience and knowledge, strengthening conditions, access to other professionals and prioritization in everyday work.ConclusionsPublic health nurses hesitate to raise topics of obesity in patients with mobility disability. They advocate increased integration with lifestyle changes in everyday work including multi‐professional cooperation. The implication is testing the emerged theory at primary health care centres.ImpactObesity is more common in people with mobility disability than in those without. There is a need to understand how public health nurses adapt counselling in lifestyle habits. Public health nurses hesitate to talk about obesity with patients in fear of offending anyone. Public health nurses did not distinguish between patients with or without mobility disability. Several facilitators could be helpful initiating conversation with the patients. Public health nurses need more time and resources to facilitate conversation with patients with mobility disability to counsel lifestyle changes.

Relevance. In modern conditions, there is a significant transformation of the business sector. Technological development becomes the driving force of economic growth and the object of the country's strategic development, since technological enterprises form the basis of technological development. Currently, there are several types of entrepreneurial structures that take place in the modern economy: technological entrepreneurship; entrepreneurship of digital technologies; digital business. In modern conditions, scientific and technological progress is accelerating at a double rate, as the information space is expanding both inside and outside the country. The development of technological entrepreneurship requires a developed innovation ecosystem that creates favorable conditions for the creation of advanced technologies and technological solutions. Modern entrepreneurship is developing in various directions, based on advanced technologies and digital transformation. Despite the rapid technological growth of Russian companies, there are a number of problems hindering further development. However, in the current conditions of sanctions pressure and a complex geopolitical situation, the technology sphere on the Russian territory is waiting for big changes in terms of infrastructure and institutional issues, which determines the relevance of the scientific research presented in this paper. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the role of public administration in innovation and technological development. Objectives: to consider the mechanism of state regulation and state support for technological entrepreneurship and to analyze the current state of innovation and technological development. Methodology. The study is based on a review of the works of domestic economists, the study of the regulatory framework on the research topic and the analysis of statistical data. Results. In the course of the work, the current state of the technological development of the Russian Federation was analyzed, the key indicators of innovative and technological development were analyzed, the main problems and features of technological entrepreneurship at the present stage were characterized, the legal framework for technological development, which forms the structure and principles of the functioning of the technology market, was considered. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that in the near future the state is waiting for the development of the domestic technology market, which contributes to technological development.

This study explores the linkage between technology development and new product development (NPD). Literature suggests that there is gap between technology development and product development. We develop a set of propositions through review of previous research and a case study from the semiconductor industry. We conclude that for successful integration of technologies into products, a formal technology integration process and technology portfolio management are highly recommended to prevent a misalignment between technology development and product development processes.

In today’s global economy, companies that emphasize marketing and innovation are more capable of achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. On the other hand, the core driver of growth and development in the export sector is increasingly knowledge-based. The success of knowledge-based companies depends on their sales performance and market share; the more effective they are in the commercialization of goods and services, the greater their access to national and international markets will be. Accordingly, the present study aimed to propose a model for the commercialization of entrepreneurial ideas in knowledge-based companies with an export-oriented perspective, employing a mixed-methods research design (qualitative–quantitative). In the qualitative phase, the grounded theory approach was applied. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 21 experts, including university faculty members, specialists, and practitioners in the service sector, using purposive judgmental and snowball sampling. Data analysis followed the three-step coding procedure of open, axial, and selective coding. The resulting paradigmatic model consists of six causal categories (social factors; individual factors; organizational–technological factors; financial–economic factors; and legal–regulatory factors), an intervening category (mindset and support of transformational managers and leaders, universities and educational organizations, and the government), a contextual category (individual contextual conditions, socio-economic deficiencies, and intra-organizational factors), strategies (customer and market orientation, innovation orientation, international entrepreneurship culture, creativity and innovation training, and structural and industrial transformation), and consequences (individual outcomes, short-term and long-term results, national results, and regional results). In the quantitative phase, structural equation modeling (SEM) using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) technique was applied to test the proposed model. The findings revealed significant and positive reciprocal effects between internal and external latent variables. Considering the R² and Q² indices, the model demonstrated strong predictive power, and the overall model fit was high with a goodness-of-fit index of 0.659.

Introduction The mother-midwife relationship is a good experience during childbirth, but there is a lack of evidence about the trustful relationship between mothers and healthcare providers during labor and birth in Iran. The current study aimed to discover how a trustful mother-midwife relationship is formed during a vaginal delivery. Methods Twenty-nine women who had a vaginal delivery, midwives, and obstetricians participated in this qualitative research with the grounded theory method. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and observations. Open, axial, and selective coding was used for data analysis. Findings. The main category of “seeking trust in midwife” and three subcategories of “effective interaction,” “attempt to access to healthcare provider”, and “playing an active role in birth” were extracted from the data. Conclusion According to the findings, mothers tried to gain action/interaction strategies and increase healthcare providers' trusts during vaginal delivery. It is essential to consider the factors that improve or disrupt this relationship.

Background: Given the necessity of attracting, retaining, and developing human capital within the health system, the process of human resources analytics in this context is of paramount importance, and it plays a significant role in evidence-based decision-making and policy formulation. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to design a model for human resources analytics in the health system. Methods: This research is practical in nature and utilized a qualitative approach based on grounded theory. In 2023, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 experts and managers from Kerman University of Medical Sciences, using purposive sampling until theoretical saturation was achieved. Throughout the process, interviews were continuously compared, and notes were taken during and after the interviews. The collected data from each interview were then analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding with the assistance of MaxQDA20 software. Through categorizing the open codes, axial categories were identified and in the final step, relationships among core categories were established through selective coding. Additionally, the validity and reliability of the findings were assessed and confirmed based on the four criteria of credibility, dependability, confirmability and transferability. Results: In identifying the codes and categories related to human resources analytics, a total of 370 open codes, 61 subcategories, and 24 main categories were generated. These were ultimately examined across 6 main axes, including the central phenomenon, causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences. Conclusion: It is recommended that in order to enhance and develop the human resources analytics process within the health system, attention be paid to the extracted model and its dimensions and components, particularly the identified causal conditions, contextual conditions, and strategies

The purpose of this study was to design a model for determining the agenda of electoral policies with a political marketing approach. This study is a qualitative research that has been performed using grounded theory method and Strauss and Corbin model, which is based on three stages of open, axial and selective coding. In this regard, in-depth interviews were conducted using theoretical snowball sampling with election experts, deputies, governors and university professors. The number of samples continued until the responses reached saturation (with 17 interviews). Data analysis was performed in three stages of open coding, axial coding, and electoral coding and then the intended model was explained based on the paradigm model of grounded theory. (Executive issues of the electoral institution, weakness of the party system, misunderstanding of political marketing and legal and supervisory problems) were identified as contextual factors, and the (cultural, political, economic) dimensions were identified as contextual factors from the perspective of research participants. Strategies are included in three dimensions: solving executive and supervisory problems, reforming the understanding of political marketing, strengthening the party system and the resulting consequences including upgrading the country’s party system, upgrading the country’s electoral system and the country’s political development.

Grounded theory is one of the most common methodologies used in constructivist (qualitative) music therapy research. Researchers use the term "grounded theory" when denoting varying research designs and theoretical outcomes. This may be challenging for novice researchers when considering whether grounded theory is appropriate for their research phenomena. This paper examines grounded theory within music therapy research. Grounded theory is briefly described, including some of its "contested" ideas. A literature search was conducted using the descriptor "music therapy and grounded theory" in Pubmed, CINAHL PsychlNFO, SCOPUS, ERIC (CSA), Web of Science databases, and a music therapy monograph series. A descriptive analysis was performed on the uncovered studies to examine researched phenomena, grounded theory methods used, and how findings were presented, Thirty music therapy research projects were found in refereed journals and monographs from 1993 to "in press." The Strauss and Corbin approach to grounded theory dominates the field. Descriptors to signify grounded theory components in the studies greatly varied. Researchers have used partial or complete grounded theory methods to examine clients', family members', staff, music therapy "overhearers," music therapists', and students' experiences, as well as music therapy creative products and professional views, issues, and literature. Seven grounded theories were offered. It is suggested that grounded theory researchers clarify what and who inspired their design, why partial grounded theory methods were used (when relevant), and their ontology. By elucidating assumptions underpinning the data collection, analysis, and findings' contribution, researchers will continue to improve music therapy research using grounded theory methods.

Aim: The aim of this research is to present a theory to guide a comprehensive and quality counselor training program in Iran. Methods: By adopting a qualitative approach and grounded theory method, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, in the context of counselor training programs in Iran with purposeful sampling; open, central and selective coding was used to analyze the interviews. Results: The findings identified the core category of "personal growth and continuous professional development of the counselor and improvement of the quality of counseling". Other important categories and subcategories were "cognitive excellence" (strengthening critical thinking, strengthening creativity), "enhancing professional performance" (strengthening appropriate evaluation and effectiveness, continuous growth and development of communication and counseling skills) and "intern-oriented active learning" (educational and professional interactions, developmental assignments, continuous self-improvement). Conclusions: As a result of this research, a middle-range theory was formulated to facilitate the guidance of a comprehensive counselor training program, which helps the beneficiaries to ensure the quality and adequacy of this program, also improve the rate of graduates who are ready to enter the counseling profession field and reduce the waste of resources. Policy makers and administrators of various counselor training programs can use this theory as a reference to provide a rich and supportive educational and training environment to help the personal growth and continuous professional development of future counselors; This will ultimately lead to the improvement of the quality of education and counseling services.

Developing new products through open innovation as a strategic approach not only aids organizations in discovering new markets but also facilitates the creation of innovative and valuable products and services. This research aims to propose a new product development model based on open innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This research employed a qualitative-inductive approach utilizing the Strauss-Corbin grounded theory method. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. Using the grounded theory method, data obtained from interviews with 16 managers of SMEs were analyzed through three stages of open, axial, and selective coding. The findings revealed a general category in the form of a paradigm model, which includes causal conditions (financial incentives, competitive advantage, core strategy, market orientation, and customer orientation); core phenomenon (opportunism, organizational resources—both tangible and intangible, process capabilities, product commercialization, and organizational ambivalence); underlying conditions (lack of financial resources for new product development, limited access to modern technology for design, testing, and production, insufficient specialized manpower and technical knowledge, and a scarcity of idea centers in the country compared to other nations); intervening conditions (sanctions and governmental bureaucracies); and strategies (strategic foresight, leveraging network capabilities, centralized marketing, and differentiated marketing). The consequences identified include financial-economic, marketing, and structural outcomes. SMEs are often recognized as critical economic and entrepreneurial components in many countries, playing a significant role in job creation and economic growth. Developing new products through open innovation is a strategic approach that fosters the creation of innovative and valuable products and services by leveraging cooperation and interaction with both internal and external stakeholders of SMEs.

The research proposes the concept of highly efficient agricultural production development in Russia regarding socio-ecological and economic guidelines. The nature and reasons for the main changes in the conditions and results of management for 1995 - 2019 are revealed. The research result consists of proposals for improving the principles and practices of state support for low-profit farms. Its recommended addition should consist of: direct financing by the state and large capital for the acquisition and development of high-performance production and management technologies; in the development of the technology market at the inter-farm, inter-regional and inter-country levels; in the creation of regional services for information and consulting support of enterprises, helping them to navigate in the conjuncture of agricultural markets, in the trends of regional development of the economy, social sphere, and ecology. The expected general results of national economic significance, accompanying the positive dynamics of agricultural development, are taken into account, such as a decrease in inflation, replenishment of the budget from an increase in tax revenues due to an increase in agricultural production and export of its products, balanced use of labor resources, land and water resources, organic diversification of production in the real sector, equipping remote areas, greening production.