Abstract
Highly oriented and self-ordered titanium-niobium-iron mixed oxide nanotubes were synthesized by anodizing Ti10NbxFe alloys in ethylene glycol electrolytes containing NH4F and water at 20 °C. The nanostructure morphologies were found to depend closely on the nature of the alloy substrates. The results demonstrate the possibility of growing mixed oxide nanotubes possessing several-micrometer-thick layers by a simple and straightforward electrochemical route. The methylene blue degradation rate of fabricated Ti-Nb-Fe-O nanotubes increased by 33% compared to TiO2 nanotubes and TiO2 nanoparticle films under solar irradiation. The combination of the gully-like morphology and the rich defects introduced by Nb and Fe co-doping in Ti-Nb-Fe-O mixed nanotube oxides was demonstrated to be beneficial for enhanced photocatalytic degradation performance. Ti-Nb-Fe-O nanotubes can achieve effective photodegradation without secondary pollution with more reusability than powder photocatalysts.
Highlights
Water shortage is one of the most pressing global challenges
Which can be ascribed to the β phase due to the Fe doping of the TiNb alloy [29,30,31,32]
The results show that TiO2 nanotubes with more oxygen vacancies exhibited poor degradation performance, which may have arisen from the recombination of electrons and holes at the surface of the defects [46,47,48,49]
Summary
Water shortage is one of the most pressing global challenges. The toxic and carcinogenic dyes widely used in modern industry are one crucial category of contaminants and water pollution [1]. It is crucial to eliminate organic dyes from wastewater. A sharp rise has been observed, in the need for the elimination of organic dyes from wastewater. Chemical, and biological technologies, numerous methods such as adsorption, coagulation, photocatalytic degradation, and biodegradation have been developed in recent decades to address this issue [2,3,4,5,6]. Photocatalytic degradation has significant advantages compared to these methods because of its high efficiency and renewability, on account of the flourishing development of nanomaterials
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