Abstract
Following access into the cell, colloidal silver nanoparticles exhibit generalized cytotoxic properties, thus appear as omnipotent microbicidal, but not suitable for systemic use unless are free of toxic effects on host cells. The AgNP-Serum-18 when prepared from silver nitrate, using dextrose as reducing and group-matched homologous serum as a stabilizing agent, selective endocytosis, and oxidative stress-dependent bio-functional damages to the host are mostly eliminated. For their bio-mimicking outer coat, there is the least possibility of internalization into host cells or liberation of excess oxidants in circulation following interaction with erythrocytes or vascular endothelial cells. The presence of infection-specific antibodies in the serum can make such nano-conjugates more selective. A potent antimicrobial action and a wide margin of safety for mammalian cells in comparison with very similar PVA-capped silver nanoparticles have been demonstrated by the in-vitro challenge of such nanoparticles on different microbes, human liver cell-line, and in-vivo study on mice model. This may open up wide-range therapeutic prospects of colloidal nanoparticles.
Highlights
Following access into the cell, colloidal silver nanoparticles exhibit generalized cytotoxic properties, appear as omnipotent microbicidal, but not suitable for systemic use unless are free of toxic effects on host cells
AgNPs were almost round in shape and average size was 18 nm as demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, consistent with hydrodynamic diameter
AgNPs were almost round in shape and average size was 13 nm (2.D) as demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images
Summary
Following access into the cell, colloidal silver nanoparticles exhibit generalized cytotoxic properties, appear as omnipotent microbicidal, but not suitable for systemic use unless are free of toxic effects on host cells. The AgNP-Serum-18 when prepared from silver nitrate, using dextrose as reducing and group-matched homologous serum as a stabilizing agent, selective endocytosis, and oxidative stress-dependent bio-functional damages to the host are mostly eliminated For their biomimicking outer coat, there is the least possibility of internalization into host cells or liberation of excess oxidants in circulation following interaction with erythrocytes or vascular endothelial cells. By in-vitro studies, almost all heavy metal-based antimicrobial nanoparticles (NP) have shown dose-dependent pan-microbicidal actions against all tested bacteria2 fungi3, viruses[4] or parasites[5] depending on extent of intracellular access Their unique mechanisms of internalization into microbial and mammalian cells lead to disruption of cellular functions by reacting on different biomolecules at unusual reduced atomic materialistic state[6,7]. Excess ROS liberated into circulation, instead of intracellular ROS mediated cytotoxicity to target microbes, may cause toxicity to different host tissues after
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