Abstract
Antioxidant peptides have elicited interest for the versatility of their use in the food and pharmaceutical industry. In the current study, antioxidant peptides were prepared by microwave-assisted alkaline protease hydrolysis of collagen from sea cucumber (Acaudina molpadioides). The results showed that microwave irradiation significantly improved the degree of hydrolysis of collagen and the hydroxyl radical (OH⋅) scavenging activity of hydrolysate. The content and OH⋅ scavenging activity of collagen peptides with molecular weight ≤ 1 kDa (CPS) in the hydrolysate obtained at 250 W increased significantly compared with the non-microwave-assisted control. CPS could scavenge OH⋅ and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical in a dose-dependent manner. The scavenging activity of OH⋅ and DPPH radical was 93.1% and 41.2%, respectively, at CPS concentration of 1 mg/mL. CPS could significantly promote RAW264.7 cell proliferation and reduce the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) level of H2O2-induced damage in RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, all CPS-treated groups exhibited an increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) level compared with the control. These results showed that CPS could effectively protect RAW264.7 cells from H2O2-induced damage, implying the potential utilization of CPS as a natural antioxidant for food and pharmaceutical applications.
Highlights
Bioactive peptides are short peptides with some bioactive functions, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumor, or antihypertensive activity
The results demonstrated that OH· scavenging activities were significantly improved at all tested microwave powers (50–300 W) as compared to non-microwave assisted hydrolysis
The enhanced OH· scavenging activity when the microwave power increased from 50 to 250 W suggested that the higher microwave power enabled the higher probability of contact between ASC-Am and alkaline protease, resulting in more small peptides with antioxidant activity
Summary
Bioactive peptides are short peptides with some bioactive functions, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumor, or antihypertensive activity. As one of several promising bioactive peptides, antioxidant peptides have become a topic of great interest because of the association between many human diseases and oxidative stress [2]. When humans are subjected to oxidative stress, large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced. Abundant quantities of ROS (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl) tend to react with biological molecules, such as protein and DNA, often leading to liver disease, heart disease, and cancer because of oxidative damage of cells [3,4]. ROS-induced oxidative cell damage is usually accompanied by an increase in lipid peroxides [5].
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