Abstract
Fire-retardant chitosan/sodium phytate/MgO nanoparticle (CH/SP/nano-MgO) coatings were loaded on a wood substrate via electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectrometry. The flammability and thermal degradation of the original wood and wood samples treated with chitosan, chitosan/sodium phytate, chitosan/sodium phytate/MgO nanoparticles were studied by limiting oxygen index (LOI), exposure combustion experiments and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The CH/SP/nano-MgO coating served as an intumescent fire-retardant system that created a physical protection cover and exhibited the best fire retardant performance. The LOI value was 30.2% and required approximately 16–17 s to self-extinguish when exposed to air. The TGA curves also showed that char formation protected the wood from combustion.
Highlights
Wood is widely used in furniture manufacturing, building decoration, and other fields, but its flammability poses a fire risk; to improve the fire resistance of wood, while retaining its original characteristics, fire retardants are typically applied [1,2,3,4]
The wood surface morphology was investigated by SEM (Figure 2), which showed that the fiber structure of the wood sample treated by film mulching was complete and undamaged
In addition to C (Figure 2e) due to the chemical constituents of wood (N element is negligible), new signals from N (Figure 2f), P (Figure 2g), and Mg (Figure 2h) were observed. This further demonstrates that CH/SP/nano-MgO coatings were successfully immobilized on the wood substrate and that the hierarchical thin films were composed of chitosan, sodium phytate
Summary
Wood is widely used in furniture manufacturing, building decoration, and other fields, but its flammability poses a fire risk; to improve the fire resistance of wood, while retaining its original characteristics, fire retardants are typically applied [1,2,3,4]. The decomposition of fire retardant produces a dehydrating agent that can directly dehydrate and carbonize wood to form a dense carbon layer that separates wood from the heat source and oxygen to terminate combustion. L-glucose and flammable volatiles [9,10,11] This affects the thermal decomposition kinetics and pyrolysis behavior of fibers and produces a synergistic effect with intumescent fire retardants to improve their performance. Sain et al studied the flammability of wood sawdust/rice husk filled polypropylene composites and flame effect of MgO on the composites through horizontal combustion and oxygen index tests. The results show that the presence of MgO can effectively reduce the flammability of natural fiber filled polypropylene composites (nearly 50%) [12].
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