Abstract
Wood has been widely used since ancient times due to its biodegradability, good elasticity, impact resistance, and easy availability. However, the flammability of wood has vastly limited its applications and the fire hazard of wood has cost a great loss of life and property. Thus, it is important to improve the fire resistance of wood. Here, we used a phosphate acrylate monomer (PGMA) which was synthesized with phosphoric acid and glycidyl methacrylate by ring-opening reaction and melamine acrylic ester (MAAR) to make up a series of fireproof coatings with different proportions, and the fire resistance of wood has been investigated using the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, back temperature test, and cone calorimeter test. When the wood was coated with the composite of 33.3% PGMA and 66.7% MAAR, the total heat release value decreased from 39.0 to 38.2 MJ/m2, and the total smoke release value decreased from 622 to 512 m2/m2, showing a remarkable improvement in fire resistance and smoke suppression. Thus, this easily prepared, cheap, and effective flame retardant coating can promote a wider application of wood.
Highlights
Wood has had a wide application in construction, furniture, and decoration since ancient times, due to its biodegradability, good elasticity, impact resistance, and malleability
A series of transparent fire resistance coatings of wood consisting of PGMA and melamine acrylic ester (MAAR) were fabricated successfully
The results showed that the wood with coating-4 (33.3% PGMA and 66.7% MAAR) had the best performance in the fire resistance
Summary
Wood has had a wide application in construction, furniture, and decoration since ancient times, due to its biodegradability, good elasticity, impact resistance, and malleability. Surface coating is an effective way to improve the fire resistance of wood with less destruction in mechanical properties. Acrylate oligomers were blended with phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur monomers to fabricate flame retardant coatings, while the results revealed a better fire resistance of wood when the proportion of phosphorus and nitrogen monomers was 2:4 (Wang et al, 2018). Previous work utilized Mg-Al LDH to fabricate flame retardant coatings of wood, which improved the LOI value to 39.1% from 18.9%, suggesting an excellent fire resistance of coated wood (Guo et al, 2017). Surface coating composed of phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing flame retardants is a beneficial to improve the fire resistance of wood. The reports of highly efficient flame retardant coatings fabricated by UV-cured technology towards wood are still very few. The fire resistance of coated wood was scrupulously investigated with back temperature, limiting oxygen index, and cone calorimeter tests
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