Abstract
The effect of SnO 2 content on the sintering behavior of nanocrystalline indium tin oxide (ITO) ceramics was examined. Nanocrystalline ITO powders with different SnO 2 content from 0 to 12 at.% were prepared by a coprecipitation method. The particle size of the ITO powders was in the range of 20–26 nm. The temperature that showed maximum densification increased as the content of SnO 2 increased. Since the solubility limit of SnO 2 in In 2O 3 is known to be about 6–8 at.%, the samples with 8 and 12 at.% Sn showed second phases after sintering. Various phase development processes of the second phases were observed, i.e., In 2SnO 5, which was observed at a low temperature, decomposed into In 2O 3 and SnO 2 at over 1000 °C, then synthesized again into In 4Sn 3O 12 at over 1300 °C. The densification behavior with respect to the SnO 2 content was explained from a viewpoint of the second phase development at different sintering temperatures.
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