Preparation and properties of CaO–MgO–Al 2O 3–SiO 2 glass-ceramics from kaolin clay refining waste (Kira) and dolomite

Abstract

CaO–MgO–Al 2O 3–SiO 2 glass-ceramics were prepared from mixtures of waste generated from refining of kaolin clay (called Kira) and dolomite (CaMg(CO 3) 2). Kira was mixed with dolomite in mass ratios of 65/35 (sample 1) and 75/25 (sample 2). They were melted at 1350 °C and quenched in water to obtain glasses. The quenched glasses were ground to <100 mesh and used to prepare glass-ceramics. Crystallization of the parent glass occurred above 900 °C, producing diopside (CaMgSi 2O 6) and anorthite (CaAl 2Si 2O 8) as major crystalline phases; diopside>anorthite in sample 1 and anorthite>diopside in sample 2. The macroscopic appearance of the samples changed from transparent pale green glass to smooth-textured shiny white upon crystallization. The four point bending strengths of the as-fired glass-ceramics were 130 MPa in sample 1 and 73 MPa in sample 2, which was approximately half of the value for sample 1. Vickers microhardness values were found to be 7.4 and 7.6 GPa in samples 1 and 2, respectively. The thermal expansion coefficients of the glass-ceramics prepared at 1000 °C for 1 h were 6.7×10 −6 °C −1 (30–380 °C) in sample 1 and 4.7×10 −6 °C −1 in sample 2. Since the chemical durability for acid and alkali was excellent in these glass-ceramics, they are considered to be candidates for applications such as building materials, ceramic tiles, etc.