Abstract
Carbon sphere (CS)@ZnO core-shell nanocomposites were successfully prepared through facile low-temperature water-bath method without annealing treatment. The morphology and the microstructure of samples were characterized by transition electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. ZnO nanoparticles with several nanometers in size decorated on the surface of the carbon sphere and formed a core-shell structure. Electrochemical performances of the CS@ZnO core-shell nanocomposites electrodes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge (GDC). The CS@ZnO core-shell nanocomposite electrodes exhibit much larger specific capacitance and cycling stability is improved significantly compared with pure ZnO electrode. The CS@ZnO core-shell nanocomposite with mole ratio of 1:1 achieves a specific capacitance of 630 F g−1 at the current density of 2 A g−1. Present work might provide a new route for fabricating carbon sphere and transition metal oxides composite materials as electrodes for the application in supercapacitors.
Highlights
Supercapacitors have attracted much attention for their high power density, long cycle life and green environmental protection[1,2]
It can be seen that the samples have the similar X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, which can be well-indexed to wurtzite structure of zinc oxide (ZnO)
The Carbon sphere (CS)@ZnO core-shell nanocomposites at different molar ratios were successfully synthesized through facile low-temperature water-bath method without annealing treatment
Summary
Supercapacitors have attracted much attention for their high power density, long cycle life and green environmental protection[1,2]. The pseudocapacitors electrode materials are primarily conducting polymers[8,9] and transition metal oxides/hydroxides[10,11,12] Considering their higher specific capacitance obtained from the Faradaic electrochemical reactions occurring on the surface of electrode materials, transition metal oxides have gained significant interest as active electrode materials for supercapacitor. There is an obstacle of the zinc oxide’s applicability set by its low rate capability and poor repeatability during cycling in the process of developing ZnO as a promising supercapacitor electrode material[15] These limitations may be overcome by using various composites consisting of carbon material and zinc oxide as electrode materials for electrochemical capacitor. In the present work we study the CS@ZnO core-shell nanocomposites prepared by a low-temperature and simple synthesis process
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