Abstract
This paper reports on the preparation, characterization and study of the ion exchange behavior of hydrous zirconium oxides formed by homogeneous precipitation from zirconium oxychloride. The precipitants used were obtained by thermal decomposition of urea, sodium nitrite or ammonium carbonate. Seven compounds were prepared and characterized by thermal analysis, X-ray diffractometry and by surface area measurements. Amorphous forms were obtained in each case, a result that agrees with those obtained by conventional gel precipitation methodology. All these materials present surface area values of >148 m2.g-1, determined after heat treatment at 50 °C. The ion exchange behavior of each hydrous zirconium oxide prepared was studied using K+ as the exchanged species and the results compared with those obtained for hydrous zirconium oxide originally precipitated by the sol gel method.
Highlights
IntroductionSynthetic and natural inorganic ion exchangers and adsorbents offer definite advantages over well-known and traditionally used organic resins insofar as their chemical properties, radiation and thermal stability, resistance to oxidation and selectivity to certain ions are concerned, as described in the literature[1]
Synthetic and natural inorganic ion exchangers and adsorbents offer definite advantages over well-known and traditionally used organic resins insofar as their chemical properties, radiation and thermal stability, resistance to oxidation and selectivity to certain ions are concerned, as described in the literature[1].Hydrous oxides based on various polyvalent metal ions have been investigated due to their characteristics of selectivity and simplicity of preparation
The generation of hydroxyl ions for the precipitation of hydrous zirconium oxide is an example of this technique
Summary
Synthetic and natural inorganic ion exchangers and adsorbents offer definite advantages over well-known and traditionally used organic resins insofar as their chemical properties, radiation and thermal stability, resistance to oxidation and selectivity to certain ions are concerned, as described in the literature[1]. Santos and coworkers[6] studied a homogeneous precipitation of aluminum hydroxide from aqueous aluminum sulfate, nitrate and chloride solutions by thermal decomposition of urea, sodium nitrite and ammonium acetate. This material presented a higher specific area and ion exchange capacity for Ba+2 ions than those observed for hydrous niobium oxide prepared by the conventional gel precipitation method. This product was amorphous and readily filtered. Hydrous zirconium oxide ion exchangers were prepared by homogeneous precipitation using an aqueous zirconium oxychloride solution and different precipitating agents, i.e., urea, ammonium carbonate or sodium nitrite. The ion exchange behavior was investigated and the ion exchange capacities of the synthesized products were determined
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