Abstract
Composite palladium--ceramic membranes with palladium films ranging from 11.4 to 20 [mu]m were made by depositing palladium on the inside surface of asymmetric tubular ceramic membranes. Electroless plating was used to deposit the palladium film. Membranes were characterized by conducting permeability experiments with hydrogen, nitrogen, and helium at temperatures from 723 to 913 K and feed pressures from 160 to 2,445 kPa. The membranes had both a high hydrogen permeability and selectivity. The hydrogen permeability for a composite membrane with an 11.4-[mu]m palladium film was 3.23 [times] 10[sup [minus]9] mol [center dot] m/(m[sup 2] [center dot] s [center dot] Pa[sup 0.602]) at 823 K. Hydrogen/nitrogen selectivity for this membrane sealing should further increase the hydrogen selectivity. Results of this study demonstrate the potential for using composite metal-ceramic membranes in membrane reactors including applications that require operation at relatively high temperatures and transmembrane pressure differences. Some of the many potential applications include steam reforming of methane, water gas shift, and dehydrogenation of various hydrocarbons including cyclohexane, ethylbenzene, ethane, propane, and butane. Another promising application is the decomposition of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia impurities in synthesis gas produced at coal gasification plants.
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