PREDISPOSING FACTORS AND OUTCOME OF HYPERNATREMIA IN BREASTFED LATE PRETERM AND TERM NEONATES

Abstract

Background: Inadequate breastfeeding results in hypernatremia in otherwise healthy neonates. Objective: This study finds out the predisposing factors and clinical outcome of hypernatremia in breastfed late preterm and term neonates. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in a tertiary hospital with retrospective data from July 2013 to June 2016. Babies with serum sodium ≥ 150 mEq/L were identified. Breastfed babies with little or no formula feeds, gestational age ≥ 34 weeks, and birth weight ≥ 2000 g were included. Babies with congenital anomalies, sepsis, prior parenteral fluid therapy and renal or endocrine diseases causing fluid and electrolyte disturbances were excluded. Total weight loss > 10% or daily weight loss > 5% from the birth weight were considered as excess weight loss. Results: A total of 201 babies were studied. Hypernatremia was significantly more common in babies of primiparous mothers (p 25% weight loss and had serum sodium ≥ 170 mEq/L. There was no death. Three babies had neurodevelopmental problems on follow‑up. Conclusion: Breastfed babies of primiparous mothers and born in summer are predisposed to hypernatremia. Babies presenting at a later age had severe weight loss, severe hypernatremia, and complications.