Abstract
BackgroundUse of substances such as alcohol, khat leaves (Catha edulis) and tobacco has become one of the rising major public health and socioeconomic problems worldwide and dramatically increased in developing countries. The aim of this study was to assess the predictors of substance use among Jimma University instructors.MethodInstitutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted in 2018 among Jimma University instructors. A two-stage cluster sampling procedure was employed to select study participants by their departments and data was collected using structured, self-administered questionnaire with severity assessed by the standardized fifth version of a diagnostic statistical manual of mental health criteria for substance use disorder. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of substance use. Variables with a P-value < 0.05 in the final fitting model were declared to be associated with the outcome variable.ResultsA total of 330 instructors were involved in this study, with a response rate of 96.2%. About 225 of the respondents have ever used the substance in life (khat, alcohol, or cigarette or all) making the lifetime prevalence of substance use 68.2%. The lifetime prevalence of khat chewing, alcohol use, and smoking cigarette was 51.6, 81.3, and 17.3% respectively. The prevalence of substance uses disorder among users was 36.9%. Living with family (AOR = 0.220 [2.004–8.536] 95%CI), no family substance use history (AOR = 0.220 [0.098–0.495] 95% CI), friends substance use (AOR = 9.047 [4.645–17.620] 95% CI), Social norm favors substance use, (AOR = 1.123 [1.020–1.238] 95% CI), perceived benefit of substance use (AOR = 1.077 [1.008–1.151] 95% CI) were predictors of substance use.ConclusionPerception toward substance, the influence of family and peer were associated with substance use. Therefore, designing a multifaceted approach directed to an individual, interpersonal and community-level intervention targeted to substance misperception and social norms contributing to substance use.
Highlights
Use of substances such as alcohol, khat leaves (Catha edulis) and tobacco has become one of the rising major public health and socioeconomic problems worldwide and dramatically increased in developing countries
Designing a multifaceted approach directed to an individual, interpersonal and community-level intervention targeted to substance misperception and social norms contributing to substance use
This study revealed that the prevalence of substance use among Jimma University instructors was 68.4% which is consistent with the study done in Jimma zone which was 68.5% [22]
Summary
Use of substances such as alcohol, khat leaves (Catha edulis) and tobacco has become one of the rising major public health and socioeconomic problems worldwide and dramatically increased in developing countries. A psychoactive substance is a chemical that acts primarily upon the central nervous system when taken, and alters brain function, resulting in temporary changes in perception, mood, consciousness, and behavior [1]. Use of substances such as alcohol, khat leaves (Catha edulis) and tobacco has become one of the rising major public health and socioeconomic problems worldwide [2]. Substance use is often initiated in adolescence, but it is during adulthood that prevalence rates for its disorder peak [8]
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