Abstract
e15528 Background: Carcinogenesis is a complex process with still poorly understood mechanisms allowing cancer cells to disseminate from the primary tumor, spread in the body and colonize other organs forming secondary tumors – metastases. The ability of some distant organs to attract malignant cells may be caused by factors released by primary tumors. The purpose of the study was to determine levels of oncofetal proteins CA-19.9, CA-125, CA-72.4 and He-4 in tissues of gastric cancer (GC) and its metastatic niches, the peritoneum and omentum. Methods: The study included 62 patients: 21 (10 men, 11 women) – gastric cancer with peritoneal and omental metastases T3-4аN0-3M1; 24 (15 men, 9 women) – gastric cancer without metastases T3-4аN0-3M0; 17 (6 men, 11 women) – non-cancer patients (controls). Levels of oncofetal proteins were measured by ELISA in tissues of the peritoneum, greater omentum, and gastric tumors. Results: Levels of practically all studied factors were elevated in tissues of GC, omentum and peritoneum. Levels of He-4 and CA-19.9 in all tissues of patients with T3-4аN0-3M1 increased higher than in the majority of patients with T3-4аN0-3M0: in GC – respectively by 2.6 and 1.8 times (p < 0.05), in the omentum – respectively by 24.4 and 4.8 times, in the peritoneum – respectively by 2.1 and 8.5 times. Omental tissues of patients with advanced cancer showed a higher increase in levels of CA-72.4 and CA-125 as well – by 6.1 and 2.1 times, respectively. A small number of patients with T3-4аN0-3M0 gastric cancer, who had CA-19.9 in the omentum and peritoneum as high as in patients with T3-4аN0-3M1, developed metastases in the corresponding tissues 4-6 months after the study. Conclusions: The content of oncoprotein markers in tissues of the peritoneum and omentum is one of the factors associated with metastatic characteristics of GC, and CA-19.9 level can serve as an informative laboratory test for the predictive assessment of the further disease development.
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