Abstract
The effects of forming stresses and generated heat on the dimensional change of punch, die and work piece during forging are discussed analytically. The change in outer and inner diameter of backward extruded cup is investigated numerically using thermo-elastic-plastic FEM code according to the actual forging sequence, namely extruding, unloading of punch force, and ejection and air cooling of extruded cup. The calculated results of outer and inner diameters of product are in good agreement with the experimental results. The simulation can be used to determine the initial tool dimensions for precision parts in the tool design process of cold forging.
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