Abstract
The higher heating value (HHV) plays a significant role in determining of the energy potential of biomass. The method to receive this value using a bomb calorimeter takes a long time approximately of 15 minutes. The implementation of near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) technique by generating a prediction model can be replaced the former method in order to reduce time into 2 minutes. Therefore, the precision of both techniques have to be concerned in order to get the reliable values. The repeatability and reproducibility processes were carried out to evaluate the precision of both methods. It was found that the percentage difference of standard deviation (SD) from the mean of repeatability for the NIR was less than 5 % and for reproducibility was slightly over 5 % (but not over than 10%). The SD of repeatability and reproducibility of the bomb calorimeter were 54.6 J/g (0.3 % difference of average HHV value) and 81.3 J/g (0.5 % difference of average HHV value) respectively. The average HHV from the bomb calorimeter was 18,166.77±236.29 J/g. Both techniques showed very low percentage difference of the SD from the mean that revealed very high reliability and precision of measurements.
Highlights
The continuously decreasing in fossil fuel leads to finding of alternative energy which can be used instead of conventional energy
It was found that the different position of Leucaena Leucocephala had no effect on the higher heating value (HHV) by analysing with statistical method one way ANOVA at confident level of 95 percentages (Table 1)
The experiments for repeatability and reproducibility of the near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) scanning and the bomb calorimeter were shown in Table 2 and Table 3 respectively
Summary
The continuously decreasing in fossil fuel leads to finding of alternative energy which can be used instead of conventional energy. Leucaena leucocephala is one of the energy plants that have been promoted due to fast growing, good disease resistance, and high potential energy in combustion process. It can be used as an alternative energy, and can be utilised as wood furniture work. Higher heating value (HHV) of the biomass better represents potential and capacity of energy contained in the biomass The agricultural wastes such as corn straw, rice straw, rice husks, and palm kernel can be used as biomass fuel. The accuracy of the model created by the NIR scanning requires piles of data and wide and variety range of them. The HHV of Leucaena leucocephala was measured in order to create the model to predict the HHV in future
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