Abstract
The detailed analysis of individual rain events characteristics is an essential step for improving our understanding of variation in precipitation over different topographies. In this study, the homogeneity among rain gauges was investigated using the concept of “rain event properties,” linking them to the main atmospheric system that affects the rainfall in the region. For this, eight properties of more than 23,000 rain events recorded at 47 meteorological stations in Mumbai, India, were analyzed utilizing seasonal (June-September) rainfall records over 2006-2016. The high similarities among the properties indicated the similarities among the rain gauges. Furthermore, similar rain gauges were distinguished, investigated and characterized by cluster analysis using self-organizing maps (SOM). The cluster analysis results show six clusters of similarly behaving rain gauges, where each cluster addresses one isolated class of variables for the rain gauge. Additionally, the clusters confirm the spatial variation of rainfall caused by the complex topography of Mumbai, comprising the flatland near the Arabian Sea, high-rise buildings (urban area) and mountain and hills areas (Sanjay Gandhi National Park located in the northern part of Mumbai).
Highlights
Rainfall is an essential boundary condition for the design and operation of urban drainage systems
The clusters confirm the spatial variation of rainfall caused by the complex topography of Mumbai, comprising the flatland near the Arabian Sea, high-rise buildings and mountain and hills areas (Sanjay Gandhi National Park located in the northern part of Mumbai)
The average minimum inter-event time (MIT) for the study area was noted to be 5 h appear reasonable as it was reported that MIT with less than 6 h could be suggested for the urbanest application [4] [14] [16], with the minimum value being 2h at F North station and the maximum values being eight at Workshop Kandivali station
Summary
Rainfall is an essential boundary condition for the design and operation of urban drainage systems. Compared with natural hydrology, detailed knowledge of the distribution of precipitation characteristics such as duration, depth, and intensity, is more vital for operating such systems due to small spatial-scale involvement and short reaction times from rainfall to runoff. It is vital to represent the time series of rainfall amounts in the form of entities (rain events) that can be employed in specific applications [2]. Such individual rain events could overcome the problem of a lack of long-term precipitation data at a specific temporal and spatial resolution [3] [4]
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