Abstract
The risk of death from complications related to cancer of the cervix is a main health problem over the course of a woman's life in low income countries. It commonly affects women infected with HIV. Therefore, screening women infected with HIV should start in low income countries, including Ethiopia. We conducted an institution based cross-sectional study from September 1st, 2015 to December 30th, 2015. During the study, 435 women were included in the study. The data were collected through face to face interviews and patient chart review using pre-tested and structured questionnaires. Data was also collected through visual inspection with acetic acid applied for screening and treatment. Data was entered into Epi-info version 7, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Logistic regression analysis fitted and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval were computed. The overall prevalence of pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix was 20.2% (95%CI: 13%, 29%). Having more than one lifetime sexual partner (AOR=2.91, 95%CI:1.13, 7.52), a history of sexually transmitted disease (AOR=4.04, 95%CI: 2.19, 7.44), age at first birth less than 18 years (AOR=3.36, 95%CI: 1.79, 5.01) and baseline CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm3 (AOR=7.51, 95%CI: 3.58, 15.68) were significantly associated with pre-cancerous lesion of the cervix. This study points out the prevalence of pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix is high. Thus, the findings recommend raising of a screening strategy for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia for all women living with HIV should be undertaken. In addition, awareness creation about the impact of multiple sexual partner, promotion of early HIV diagnosis and timely baseline CD4 cell count is important.
Highlights
The risk of death from complications related to cancer of the cervix is a main health problem over the course of a woman’s life in low income countries
Studies revealed that the prevalence of cytologically noticed squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) and infection of the cervix with human papillomavirus (HPV) are suggestively more common in women infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
The study shows that the overall prevalence of precancerous lesion of the cervix among women infected with HIV in Amhara regional state referral hospitals was 20.2%
Summary
The risk of death from complications related to cancer of the cervix is a main health problem over the course of a woman’s life in low income countries It commonly affects women infected with HIV. Inexpensive cervical cancer screening techniques based on visual inspection of the cervix with Acetic acid (VIA) or Visual Inspection with Lugol’s Iodine (VILI) have been planned and amended to resource-limited situations for years. Screening of pre-cancerous lesion of the cervical (PCL) for women infected with HIV has been in progress in resource scarce centers in Ethiopia. Updated awareness about prevalence and associated is needed to recognize women infected with HIV who are more likely to improve pre-cancerous lesion of the cervix and to design suitable screening and treatment approaches
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