Abstract
Different biomarkers have been recently described bringing interesting results regarding predictive outcomes in the field of kidney transplantation. In this setting, an evaluation for pre-transplant biomarkers especially in the era of expanded criteria donors (ECDs) and non-heart-beating donors (NHBDs) could help transplant physicians to make decisions on allocation or even on discharge of the allograft. Furthermore, identify pre-transplant biomarkers is useful for a risk stratification of delayed graft function (DGF), acute rejection (AR) episodes and chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD) after kidney transplantation (KT). In this review, we report recent findings on pre-transplant biomarkers from various biological samples from donors or recipients.
Highlights
Kidney transplantation (KT) appears to be the best replacement therapy of renal function for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) as ameliorates significantly the quality of daily life, reduces mortality and lowers medical expense [1,2,3]
In attempt to increase the availability of organs from deceased donors, KT from expanded criteria donors (ECDs) and nonheart-beating donors (NHBDs) it turns out to be widely practiced
Schwarz et al [11] suggested that tubular epithelial cell adhesion molecule expression is not a predictor of acute rejection (AR) but could predict posttransplant delayed graft function (DGF) due to ischemia, as a significantly less expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on tubular epithelial cells was seen in deceased donor kidneys that had primary function against those with DGF
Summary
Kidney transplantation (KT) appears to be the best replacement therapy of renal function for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) as ameliorates significantly the quality of daily life, reduces mortality and lowers medical expense [1,2,3]. A kidney from a NHBD it turns out to have an extended period of cold ischemia, which could cause an irreversible damage with negative effects in terms of graft survival in middle and long distance from the time of transplantation. While these kidneys help to counter the increasing demand for transplants, it is important for nephrologists and transplant surgeons to have the right tools in order to assess the quality of the graft, minimize the risk to transplant organs of poor quality, or discard vital organs. Current methods for evaluating the quality of kidneys for transplantation as donor age, creatinine levels or kidney
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