Abstract
Conventional continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) systems used in Urology have been labor-intensive and challenging for healthcare workers to manage consistently due to inter-observer variability in interpreting the blood concentration in the drainage fluid. The team has come up with a feedback system to control the saline flow-rate. It consists of a sensor probe that measures blood concentration in drainage fluid by measuring the light intensity absorbed by the samples. The other component is a gripper that adjusts the saline flow-rate based on the blood concentration detected. Results have shown that probe utilizing green color LED light can measure blood concentration between 0 and 18 percent. Besides, the gripper actuates to the blood concentration values detected accordingly. The quantification process reduces or even eradicates human error due to the subjective assessment of individual medical professionals.
Highlights
In Urology, gross haematuria is a common condition with visible blood in the urine
Gross haematuria can be due to various pathologies in the urinary tract, or a result due to bladder and prostate surgery
We propose an automatic feedback control system to control saline drip based on blood concentration detected
Summary
In Urology, gross haematuria is a common condition with visible blood in the urine.Gross haematuria can be due to various pathologies in the urinary tract, or a result due to bladder and prostate surgery. Nurses are required to ensure the continuous flow, monitor the severity of gross hematuria, and to increase or decrease the infusion rate manually when necessary. They must continuously chart the volume of saline irrigation used and drained from the bladder, ensuring that the volumes are equal. Patients often face situations when the irrigation stops as the nurse is unable to replace the solution in time. This situation, in turn, may cause blockage of catheter outflow tubing due to blood clots, causing bladder distension and pain to the patient. Automation would help to simplify this action so that nurses or other medical professionals can concentrate on patients who require more attention
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