Practicality test of SaLDI biology learning model integrated with TPACK on biology materials

: The Merdeka Curriculum requires teachers to apply various learning models, including PBL, to achieve learning objectives, including critical thinking skills. However, in the context of biology learning, the application of the PBL model is rarely considered to improve students' critical thinking skills, and research on this is still limited. Therefore, this research is essential because there is no complete analysis of the impact of the PBL learning model on critical thinking skills in biology indexed by Scopus. This study uses the SLR method to investigate the effect of the PBL learning model on students' critical thinking skills in biology material. This research method follows the PRISMA model for selecting articles based on specific criteria in the SCOPUS database. The research results show that presentation and discussion methods dominate biology learning, while there is a lack of attention to students' critical thinking and a lack of electronic teaching materials. On the other hand, problem-based learning helps students understand and apply biological material and develop critical thinking skills by emphasizing the application of knowledge, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation and involving students in group discussions to motivate critical thinking. Research shows that PBL effectively improves students' critical thinking, supported by various learning models and media that strengthen students' critical thinking skills. In conclusion, applying the PBL model allows students to focus on specific topics, understand scientific concepts, and overcome challenges through data analysis, hypothesis generation, and deductive reasoning. This model encourages critical thinking and active participation of students. Teachers are expected to be able to use various learning models to improve students' thinking abilities.

In Education there is a learning process in which the teacher provides the subject matter being taught. However, there are still many teachers who have difficulty conveying material due to limited teaching aids/teaching media. Therefore, there are still many students who have difficulty understanding the material which has an impact on their learning outcomes. Especially in Biology learning that studies living things. Biology lessons are difficult to understand just by reading books, so technological assistance is needed. The data collected shows the need for learning media so that it can help the biology learning process so that students more easily learn and understand biology material so as to improve student learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of applying audiovisual learning media on learning outcomes in high school students' Biology material. This article uses the literature review method where the author reviews 5 similar articles by comparing pretest and posttest scores in the experimental class about the effect of audiovisual learning media on students' understanding of SINTA indexed biology material. Articles that have been reviewed are obtained through a data base in the form of Google Scholar. The results of the study show that audiovisual learning media influences the learning process in improving high school student learning outcomes in Biology material.

Biology learning is prepared to encourage students to be able to solve problems in everyday life. To be able to realize this, a learning model is needed that can construct students' knowledge so that they are able to solve problems. This study aims to see how to implement the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model as an effort to improve students' problem solving skills in high school, especially in Biology learning. The method used in this research is literature review. The reading sources used are from relevant national and international articles. Data analysis techniques were carried out descriptively by analyzing and identifying reading sources so as to produce a concise, clear and informative summary. The results showed that the implementation of the PBL learning model could improve students' problem-solving skills, especially regarding biology material.

The learning model is a logical stage for learning students. The learning process must pay attention to the steps that become the basic framework for creating an effective and meaningful student learning process. This study aims to innovate biology learning in metabolism material. The innovation is done by integrating several technologies namely Wordwall, Virtual Lab, and Ms. PowerPoint on the Constructivist Teaching Sequence model. The research method used is a literature review sourced from books, journal articles, research reports, and other relevant documents. This research flow has several stages consisting of literature identification, literature selection, literature analysis, synthesis of findings, and learning model innovation design. The result of this research is an innovative learning recommendation using the technology-assisted Constructivist Teaching Sequence model that can be an alternative high school biology learning model.

Media in learning is very helpful in launching teaching and learning activities to achieve learning objectives. There are various types of media that can be used in learning activities, one of which is comic media. However, not all material can be delivered with these media, so an article review is needed to summarize the results of previous research related to the use of comic media using the systematic literature review method. The purpose of this study is to find out biology material that has used comic media and the influence of the development and application of comic media in biology learning, so that it can be used as a reference in determining learning media, especially comics, which are in accordance with learning materials. This study examined 23 journal articles with a span of the last 12 years related to the development or use of comic media both at the junior high / high school level on biological material. The result of the article review is that there are 16 biological materials that have used comic media. While the development of comic media shows the average results of validation with valid categories, usage tests with very good categories and the feasibility of comic media shows decent categories. The application of comic media shows the results of increasing learning outcomes, learning motivation and learning implementation.

Analogues to features and processes of a high-level radioactive waste repository proposed for Yucca Mountain, Nevada

The purpose of this research is to 1) discover a learning model that can improve students' conceptual understanding of social studies during the pandemic era and 2) analyze the effectiveness of the blended learning model based on Jepara's local wisdom to improve student's conceptual understanding. This research was conducted because of a lack of student's concept understanding, blended learning model and social studies learning didn't integrate with local wisdom. This research method is Research and Development that uses the procedure of Borg & Gall with ten stages. The trial design of product improvement is the nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design. Data sources in this research were from teachers and students. The data collection techniques were observation, interview, and test. The data analyzed were validity and reliability test, worthiness test of learning model, and effectiveness test. The worthiness test of the learning model was expert validation and pretest-posttest. The effectiveness test of the learning model were 1) normality and homogeneity test, and 2) the effectiveness test used two independent sample t-test. The effectiveness test of the learning model in the experimental group can reach the minimum standard competence with P-value = 0.018. This research showed that a blended learning model based on Jepara's local wisdom could increase students' conceptual understanding of social studies.

National education aims to shape people of faith and piety and noble character, not only to develop the potential of cognitive intelligence. One effort that can be done to realize these goals is to develop Islamic values of students through the integration of the Qur'an and Hadith in learning biology. Through the integration of the Qur'an and Hadith in biology learning, students can gain knowledge about the concept of biology while at the same time developing Islamic values. Integration of the Qur'an and Hadith in learning biology can be done by: 1) Recording and analyzing verses of the Qur'an and Hadith that are in accordance with the subject or biological material both implicitly or explicitly, 2) Implementing the integration of verses of the Qur'an and Hadith found in the process of learning biology by selecting certain appropriate learning models; 3) Evaluating the integration process that has been done in the biology learning process. The integration of Al-Qur'an and Hadith in learning biology needs to be done to foster Islamic values in students to achieve national education goals.

This study aimed to obtain comparative increase in the creativity of the students who get a guided inquiry learning with students getting conventional learning. The method used is a quasi experiment conducted on students in one elementary school in Indramayu, West Java province with a number of 32 students. The research data was collected through a written test (posttest), observation, and questionnaire responses of teachers and students on the use of virtual simulation media in guided inquiry learning. Learning model inquiry guided to a class experiment, which lasted for three meetings, and begins with the initial tests and ends with a final test showed that there were differences in the ability of the creativity of students in both classes with a mean final test students' creativity 83.64 for an experimental class and the average class before 53.54 , Conclusions drawn based on the results of data processing and analysis using statistical Mc Nemar: 6.604, to the achievement of creative abilities of students obtained results that increase the ability of creativity of students in the experimental class with previous classes differ significantly. So that the application of guided inquiry learning model with the approach of inquiry on the subject of breathing in humans can be further increased kankarakter creativity and student learning outcomes compared with conventional learning. Most of the students are motivated to take an active role in the learning process, and wants Application of IT-based guided inquiry models that could be applied to other biological materials. Thus the adoption of the model IT-based guided inquiry can effectively enhance the creativity and student learning outcomes and provide a positive stimulus for students to learn biology Keywords : Based guided inquiry, Information Technologi �(IT)�This study aimed to obtain comparative increase in the creativity of the students who get a guided inquiry learning with students getting conventional learning. The method used is a quasi experiment conducted on students in one elementary school in Indramayu, West Java province with a number of 32 students. The research data was collected through a written test (posttest), observation, and questionnaire responses of teachers and students on the use of virtual simulation media in guided inquiry learning. Learning model inquiry guided to a class experiment, which lasted for three meetings, and begins with the initial tests and ends with a final test showed that there were differences in the ability of the creativity of students in both classes with a mean final test students' creativity 83.64 for an experimental class and the average class before 53.54 , Conclusions drawn based on the results of data processing and analysis using statistical Mc Nemar: 6.604, to the achievement of creative abilities of students obtained results that increase the ability of creativity of students in the experimental class with previous classes differ significantly. So that the application of guided inquiry learning model with the approach of inquiry on the subject of breathing in humans can be further increased kankarakter creativity and student learning outcomes compared with conventional learning. Most of the students are motivated to take an active role in the learning process, and wants Application of IT-based guided inquiry models that could be applied to other biological materials. Thus the adoption of the model IT-based guided inquiry can effectively enhance the creativity and student learning outcomes and provide a positive stimulus for students to learn biology.

The aims of this research were (1) to know the problems of students in joining the Biology learning in SMA Negeri 1 Ulunoyo. And (2) to know the factors cause students’ problems in joining the Biology learning in SMA Negeri 1 Ulunoyo. Based on the research finding that the students’ problems in joining the Biology learning namely; the students did not have the competence in comprehending the Biology learning theoretically and practically, the Biology materials cannot be understood because they contain the Science language, Latin language, and the Chemistry unsure, the students did not active in learning activity, they did not have motivation to study, they did not spirit to study, and they did not have the enthusiasm in joining the process of learning activity. Then, the factor cause of students’ problems in joining the Biology learning namely; the tool and facilities and infrastructure as support the Biology learning are incomplete and inadequate. One of them namely; the equipment of nature science laboratory, the learning media and the learning source in Biology learning so they influence the teacher’s ability in teaching the learning materials and they can influence the students’ motivation to study. The, as the suggestions were proposed by the researcher namely; the results of this research expected can be the evaluation for the teacher and students and to be used as reference in improving the learning system. For the teacher, expected improve the learning strategy and method to trigger the students’ motivation and intention in joining the Biology learning. For the students, expected can be improving the motivation and intention in learning the Biology learning material.

Augmented reality is a technology that connects the virtual and real world with the help of a camera. Augmented reality technology is very important to get an overview of the progress and the real impact of its use in biology learning. Furthermore, through systematic literature review analysis, we searched for biology learning publications that utilized augmented reality. The results of the study show that there are no biology journals on a scopus basis that discuss the use of augmented reality the most. The trend of using augmented reality in biology learning from 2012-2022 started in 2016 and was highest in 2020. Biological material that uses the most augmented reality media is heart and blood flow material. The level of education that makes the most use of augmented reality is college. The types of research which is most widely used are research and development. The obstacles that occur are the lack of facilities and the lack of teacher training in utilizing augmented reality. All levels of education can take advantage of augmented reality with teacher skills facilitating student learning. All levels of education can take advantage of augmented reality with teacher skills facilitating student learning

21st-century learning encourages the integration of Augmented Reality (AR) technology as asupport for learning media to improve learning effectiveness. This systematic literature review explores researchtrends and the integration of Augmented Reality (AR) in biology learning, especially at the formal educationlevel. This study analyzed 23 articles from Scopus, Sage, and ERIC databases published between 2015 and 2023to answer the six research questions posed. The analysis showed several key findings: 1) Most of the researchrelated to AR implementation in biology materials was conducted in Indonesia and the United States; 2) Collegestudents are the dominant research subjects in AR; 3) AR-related research has increased significantly since2015, reaching a peak in 2020, but experiencing fluctuations until 2023; 4) The majority of research focuses onusing RnD research methods, with efforts to develop AR technology in various biological topics; 5) The mostapplied biological material topic using AR technology is the anatomical structure of human organs; 6) Thechallenges of AR implementation in biology learning include accessibility, hardware availability, cost, training,and adaptation to pandemic conditions. Based on these findings, future research recommendations includediversification of research subjects, development of innovative AR learning models, and more in-depth researchon factors that influence the effectiveness of AR implementation, particularly in developing countries. It is alsoimportant to consider developing strategies to overcome the barriers identified to increase the success of ARimplementation in the context of biology learning. Evaluation of the impact of AR use on student learningoutcomes needs to be the focus of future research to complement the current findings.

Abstract. Global demands require the world of education to always adjust technological developments towards efforts to improve the quality of education. This study aims to determine the potential and needs of lecturers and students in biology classroom, which will be used as a base in the development of blended learning integrated with PBLRQA strategy (Problem-Based Learning and Reading, Questioning & Answering) on biology classroom. This research was a descriptive research. The results of this study showed that lecturers and students need a learning environment that integrates technology in learning, allowing students to communicate and obtain information from various sources. The use of technology in learning with blended learning integrated with PBLRQA strategy can create the learning environment more effective, efficient, and interesting, suitable with students' interest in the use of interactive media such as laptops and smartphones. By using technology, abstract material in biology can be more easily understood and problems related to biological learning expected to be resolved. Keywords: blended learning, PBLRQA, flipped class, biology learning.

Biological material, one of which is the sensory system, whose objects are difficult to approach directly, requires more sophisticated learning media. This is because the sensory system learning process still uses 2D-based learning media which is difficult to display biological objects in real terms. Teachers and students need media that can visualize material well and can be accessed flexibly via smartphone. Technology AR, with its characteristics of being able to display objects in more detail in 3D and being able to be used on smartphones, could be a solution. This research aims to develop AR on human sensory system material. This research uses the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). Data collection was carried out through expert validation and implementation of student responses. The material expert validation results were 98.25% and the media expert validation results were 89.25% (very good category). The teacher assessment results were 96.75%, and student responses were 83.5% (very good category). Based on these results, it is known that the AR media developed is suitable for use in learning sensory system material in biology learning

Since 1994, when the NIST/NOAA Quality Assurance Program in Chemical Measurements was discussed in Queretaro, CENAM, the National Measurement Institute (NMI) of Mexico, has become involved in the development of reference materials. In the field of biological and environmental reference materials, in particular, the NORAMET collaboration program with NIST and NRC, and the North-American Environmental Cooperation signed among three free-trade treaty organizations, have greatly helped the development of the materials metrology program in the newly established CENAM. This paper describes some particularly significant efforts of CENAM in the development of biological and environmental reference materials, on the basis of inter-comparison studies organized with local and governmental environmental agencies of Mexico. In the field of water pollution CENAM has developed a practical proficiency testing (PT) scheme for field laboratories, as a part of registration by local government in the metropolitan area, according to the Mexican Ecological Regulation. The results from these eight PTs in the last 5 years have demonstrated that this scheme has helped ensure the reliability of analytical capability of more than 50 field laboratories in three states, Mexico, D.F., and the States of Mexico and Queretaro. Similar experience has been obtained for more than 70 service units of stack emission measurements in the three states in 1998 and 1999, as a result of the design of a PT scheme for reference gas mixtures. This PT scheme has been accomplished successfully by 30 analytical laboratories who provide monitoring services and perform research on toxic substances (Hg, methylmercury, PCB, etc.) in Mexico. To support these activities, reference samples have been produced through the NIST SRMs, and efforts have been made to increase CENAM's capability in the preparation of primary reference materials in spectrometric solutions and gas mixtures. Collaboration among NMIs has also successfully overcome the inability of CENAM to prepare biological tissue for mercury assessment and marine sediments for analysis of trace metals. The importance of international collaboration is stressed not only in the NORAMET region but also in the SIM, to provide help for each other and achieve mutual recognition among member countries of the region.