Poziom lęku a postawa wobec obowiązkowych szczepień u kobiet w ciąży

Abstract

Introduction: Preventive vaccinations are a basic and necessary preventive measure against contagious diseases. In recent years, the topic of the obligation to perform some vaccinations has become even more controversial, which in turn intensifies the anti-vaccination movement. Purpose of the thesis was to evaluate the anxiety level of the surveyed pregnant women and to determine the influence of the occurrence of the antenatal anxiety on the attitude towards the obligation of preventive vaccinations. Material and methods: The study was conducted by means of a diagnostic survey using a self-made internet survey and the STAI survey questionnaire. 199 pregnant women took part in the study. Results: The analysis of the collected material shows that 49% of respondents would vaccinate their children with mandatory vaccinations. Only 33% of the respondents confirmed that they were informed about the obligation of preventive vaccinations. Medical staff turned out to be in the first place as the main source of knowledge about vaccinations. When analyzing the relationship between anxiety scales and opinions on vaccines and vaccinations, there was a significant (p < 0.05), although low negative correlation (–0.1499) between the raw score of the level of anxiety as a condition and the answer to the question of whether a woman would vaccinate her child. A significant (p < 0.05) but low positive correlation (0.14950) was found between the raw score of the level of anxiety as a trait and the answer to the same question. Conclusions: The own study showed that the anxiety level of pregnant women who answered the survey may influence their decision about vaccinating their children in the future. The greater the anxiety as a trait, the more determined a woman is to have her child vaccinated and more convinced she is of the rightness of the vaccinations, she is more afraid of her child falling ill, but the higher the belief in the importance of vaccinating children in protecting the whole of society.