Abstract

Lac is a type of natural resin secreted by lac insects and is widely used in the military and other industries because of its excellent adhesion and insulation properties. The main ingredients of lac are lactones and lactides, which are formed from hydroxy fatty acids and sesquiterpene esters. In this study, we measured lac secretion rates by the insect Kerria chinensis at different developmental stages and identified lac secretion-minimum and lac secretion-active stages of the insect. We then analyzed transcriptomes of lac secretion-minimum and lac secretion-active stages of the insect. Based on expression profiles of genes in different stages of the insect, we identified pathways and genes that are potentially involved in lac synthesis and secretion in K. chinensis. Our study lays a foundation for future studies to reveal the molecular mechanisms and pathways of lac synthesis and secretion in this beneficial insect.

Highlights

  • Lac is a type of natural resin secreted by lac insects and is widely used in the military and other industries because of its excellent adhesion and insulation properties

  • Through the determination of individual gum secretion rate in each stage, the results showed that the individual gum secretion rate was slower in the larval stage and increased gradually in the adult stage

  • A total of 205,581 transcripts were obtained in this study, among which 183,899 unigenes were successfully annotated by seven databases including nucleotide database (Nt), non-redundant protein (Nr), Swiss-Prot, Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COGs), Gene Ontology (GO), KOG, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)

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Summary

Introduction

Lac is a type of natural resin secreted by lac insects and is widely used in the military and other industries because of its excellent adhesion and insulation properties. The main ingredients of lac are lactones and lactides, which are formed from hydroxy fatty acids and sesquiterpene esters. Based on expression profiles of genes in different stages of the insect, we identified pathways and genes that are potentially involved in lac synthesis and secretion in K. chinensis. Due to its strong adhesiveness, good insulation, moisture resistance, smooth film texture, non-toxic properties, and tastelessness, lac is expected to be continuously widely used in various industries in the future [2,3]. Lac resins are mixtures of lactones and lactides, which are formed from hydroxyl fatty acids and polyterpene esters [2]

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