Potential of rhyzobacteria Azospirillum brasilense in respect of glyphosate detoxification and effect on productive status of plants

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Rhizosphere bacteria Azospirillum brasilense, saving in the collection of the Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry, were characterized as perspective plant inoculants in conditions of intensive application of herbicide glyphosate. Bacteria strains A. brasilense 2(в)3, A. brasilense Дп1 and A. brasilense 1’ were found to metabolized glyphosate without formating aminomethylphosphonic acid. Bacteria strains A. brasilense 2(в)3, A. brasilense Дп1 and A. brasilense 1’ are capable of glyphosate decomposition with the formation of safe chemical products – sarcosin (methylglycine) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). Destruction activities of A. brasilense strains were calculated on the base of accumulation of inorganic phosphate in culture liquids. Under a glyphosate concentration of 300 mg/l the destruction activities of А. brasilense 2(в)3, А. brasilense Дп1 and Azospirillum brasilense 1’ were equal to 80.9; 62.5 and 61.1 %; under a glyphosate content of 500 mg/l the destruction activities were equal to: 82.2; 48.5 and 47.9 % respectively. Application of glyphosate-utilizing bacteria as inoculants resulted in the polyfunctional anti-stress effect on plants at high diapason of glyphosate content in soil (0–50 l/ha). Anti-stress effect is manifested in a plant growth (steams and roots), an increase of assimilation square and chlorophylls content.