Abstract
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome is a rare manifestation of lupus erythematosus, in which there is altered mental function, headache, convulsions, visual impairment and posterior and transient changes on neurologic imagistics [1,2], occurring in a few hours and presenting with rapidly progressive neurologic symptoms [3]. It was first described in 1996. It is more frequent in patients with acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease, and is associated with hypertension, autoimmune diseases, immunosuppressive therapies- especially antibody-based immunosuppressive therapy, and organ transplantation. It is clinically reversible within one week and imagistically reversible within 2-4 weeks. It is treatable and has a good prognosis. We present the case of a young woman of 27 years diagnosed with systemic erythematous lupus who developed convulsive crisis, headache, visual impairment, being under immunosuppressive therapy with azathiorpine. She had class IV lupus nephritis on the kidney biopsy and partial remission of the nephrotic syndrome. Other lupic manifestations were cutaneous, immunological, articular and hematological. She had a good short-term prognosis at 30 days.
Highlights
Young Female PatientPosterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome is a rare manifestation of lupus erythematosus, in which there is altered mental function, headache, convulsions, visual impairment and posterior and transient changes on neurologic imagistics [1,2], occurring in a few hours and presenting with rapidly progressive neurologic symptoms [3]
Posterior reversible encephalopathy is a rare condition usually associated with autoimmune diseases, immunosuppressive drugs – especially antibody-based therapies, organ transplantation and renal chronic or acute disease
Reversible lesions consistent with white matter cerebral vasogenic edema occur in the posterior reginos of the cerebral hemispheres – occipital, parietal lobes, rarely involving the brain stem, or the cerebellum
Summary
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome is a rare manifestation of lupus erythematosus, in which there is altered mental function, headache, convulsions, visual impairment and posterior and transient changes on neurologic imagistics [1,2], occurring in a few hours and presenting with rapidly progressive neurologic symptoms [3]. It is more frequent in patients with acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease, and is associated with hypertension, autoimmune diseases, immunosuppressive therapiesespecially antibody-based immunosuppressive therapy, and organ transplantation It is clinically reversible within one week and imagistically reversible within 2-4 weeks.
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