Abstract
In post-Yugoslav spaces, democracy has not been won by independent and robust social groups that can act as a counterweight to the state structure, with formed interests that act transformatively; not directing political change and form the basis of political pluralism. In the processes of political and social transformation of society, pragmatism is a dangerous thing, and the apparent tendency of key political actors to follow the speech of Europe in their daily political practice without taking into the content. Ethnonationalism does not bring political scenes a socioeconomic system that would already be independently formed, with appropriate bearers of transformative interests and competing projects of the new order. Therefore, the worst uncertainty and fragility can slow down the normalization process and other unplanned consequences. The class of nationalist capitalists, political-economic oligarchies, during the conflicts, takes control of the state apparatus and ownership of economic resources, constituting nation-states; unilateral expropriation presented as a self-legitimizing act by which the whole society realizes its being in the form of sovereignty and embodies itself by constituting its nation-state. Within the notion of captured states, we can speak from the social property, which is privatized by post-war tycoons; supporting authoritarian rulers linked to kleptocracy as a strategy to maintain stability undermines the EU accession process. Civil resistance is not progressive, and all should define life in a democratic society. It is an urgent task of building a civic or democratic political culture, which is inconceivable without a built civil society. Even the banal level of democracy will not survive for a long time, and more countries are moving towards unequivocal authoritarianism and pure illiberalism. Keywords : Former Yugoslavia, kleptocracy, authoritarianism, defective democracy, political culture, civil society DOI : 10.7176/IAGS/86-04 Publication date :September 30th 2020
Highlights
The Balkans' concept, metaphors of constant divisions, conflicts, and confusions, traditionally includes the high antagonism and wars
Unstable societies, including the societies of the former socialist countries of Central and Southeast Europe, are mainly marked by discussions about the political structure and political processes. In the former Yugoslavia, in addition to the apparent problems of inequality, corruption, and fear politics faced by societies, in terms of the development of participation political culture, there are historical narratives that affect the development of voter awareness of processes within the country that are critical
Society's strata have no interest in carrying out reforms and supporting political and economic transformation
Summary
The Balkans' concept, metaphors of constant divisions, conflicts, and confusions, traditionally includes the high antagonism and wars. Montenegro's political elite has suffered numerous accusations from the international community of systematic tobacco smuggling, Kosovo and North Macedonia as a profile of hotspots drugs smuggling from Afghanistan through Turkey, and Serbia's political elite in 2001-2004 under "pro-European reform ruled allegations of supporting Mafia in exchange for their support for "social reforms." At the same time, in these examples, we see that party elites are willing to tacitly or actively participate in these operations, retaining social power despite society's impoverishment In all of these cases, criminals have played a key role in strengthening political leaders in countries undergoing a difficult and, in part, unsuccessful "transition." (Köppel, Szekely,2002) The critical problem is the presence of mutual trust between the phenomena of "politicization of crime and criminalization of politics." The distribution of power in a critical region characterized by sociopolitical change. Bankruptcy and destruction of Croatian shipbuilding and other segments of the industry (steel, metallurgy) (Vujić,2019), in other countries, BiH precisely (energy, water, infrastructure) as strategic segments
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