Abstract
IntroductionOne third of the world population has been exposed to hepatitis B virus and an estimated 257 million people are chronically infected. The main route of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is vertical transmission. Post exposure prophylaxis is recommended by world health organization to have free Hepatitis B infection by 2030.ObjectiveThe main purpose of this research project was to assess Hepatitis B virus post exposure prophylaxis coverage, rate of vertical transmission and factors among exposed newborns delivered at Arsi zone health institution.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Arsi zone health institutions among hepatitis B virus exposed newborns delivered at Arsi zone health institutions from January 2018 to September 2019. Systematic sampling technique was used to select 422 exposed newborns into the study. A pre-tested structured questionnaire and checklist were used to collect relevant data. Data was entered and cleaned using epidata7 & analyzed using SPSS version 25 software package. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses was carried out to identify associations. Odds ratio with 95% CI and P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe study revealed that among 401 exposed newborns only 83(20.7%), have been administered post exposure prophylaxis. But vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) was observed in 32.4% (27.9%-36.9%) exposed newborns. Antenatal (ANC) attendance (AOR = .40, 95%CI = .23-.69), Instrumental delivery (AOR = 4.18, 95%CI = 2.05–8.51) HIV coinfection (AOR = 9.7, 95%CI = 4.37–21.34), Post exposure Prophylaxis (AOR = .20, 95%CI = .08-.50) and Knowledge on HBV (AOR = .27, 95%CI = .14-.53) are significant predictors of HBV vertical transmission.ConclusionMagnitude of HBV post exposure prophylaxis coverage is very low while Rate of vertical transmission is high. Antenatal attendance, Instrumental delivery, Post exposure Prophylaxis and Knowledge on hepatitis B virus transmission are significant predictors of HBV vertical transmission.
Highlights
One third of the world population has been exposed to hepatitis B virus and an estimated 257 million people are chronically infected
Magnitude of hepatitis B virus (HBV) post exposure prophylaxis coverage is very low while Rate of vertical transmission is high
One third of the population has been exposed to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and an estimated 257 million people are chronically infected
Summary
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Arsi zone health institutions among hepatitis B virus exposed newborns delivered at Arsi zone health institutions from January 2018 to September 2019. Data was entered and cleaned using epidata7 & analyzed using SPSS version 25 software package. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses was carried out to identify associations. The study population was comprised of all hepatitis B virus exposed newborns (newborns delivered to mothers who were already diagnosed HBV-positive) delivered at Arsi zone health. Vertical transmission and factors among hepatitis B virus exposed newborns institutions during the study period (January 2018 to September 2019). The final sample size was adjusted for none response rate of 10% and it was 422
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