Possible participation of mitochondria in lipid yolk formation in oocytes of paddlefish and sturgeon

Abstract

The ovary of paddlefish and sturgeons (Acipenseriformes) is composed of discrete units: the ovarian nests and ovarian follicles. The ovarian nests comprise oogonia and numerous early dictyotene oocytes surrounded by somatic prefollicular cells. Each ovarian follicle consists of a spherical oocyte and a layer of follicular cells situated on a thick basal lamina, encompassed by thecal cells. The cytoplasm of previtellogenic oocytes is differentiated into two distinct zones: the homogeneous and granular zones. The homogeneous cytoplasm is organelle-free, whereas the granular cytoplasm contains numerous organelles, including mitochondria and lipid droplets. We have analyzed the cytoplasm of early dictyotene and previtellogenic oocytes ultrastructurally and histologically. In the cytoplasm of early dictyotene oocytes, two morphologically different types of mitochondria can be distinguished: (1) with well-developed cristae and (2) with distorted and fused cristae. In previtellogenic oocytes, the mitochondria of the second type show various stages of cristae distortion; they contain and release material morphologically similar to that of lipid droplets and eventually degenerate. This process of mitochondrial transformation is accompanied by an accumulation of lipid droplets that form a single large accumulation (lipid body) located in the vicinity of the oocyte nucleus (germinal vesicle). The lipid body eventually disperses in the oocyte center. The possible participation of these mitochondria in the formation of oocyte lipid droplets is discussed.