Possibility to use erythrocyte antigens and feather coloration genes to determine resistance to non-plastic diseases

Abstract

Non-plastic diseases are a problem in both medical and veterinary practice. These include lymphoid leukemia (LL) and Marek's disease (CM). It should be noted that HM causes losses to poultry three times higher than LL. CM is a highly contagious viral neoplastic disease of chickens. It is known that the degree of resistance of different breeds and lines of chickens to Marek's disease (CM) and lymphoid leukemia (LL) is not the same. To date, little attention has been paid to the role of erythrocyte antigenic factors in the bird's response to morbidity. There is a relationship between the incidence among vaccinated birds and the natural susceptibility to HM birds of certain breeds and lines. The effect of protective reactions in chickens associated with erythrocyte antigenic factors in poultry selected for resistance to non-plastic diseases is still unclear. The objects of the study were chickens and 11-day-old embryos of poultry from one of the farms of Ukraine. The studies were performed on Rhode Island, Leghorn D4 and P-37 chickens. Standard strains of Rouse's sarcoma virus (HRV) were used in the study. Embryos of 11 days of incubation were infected with Rouse virus on the chorio-allantoic membrane (САМ). The results of the studies proved that the resistance to HRV had a significantly opposite correlation only with the presence of B16 antigen and the absence of X31. In chickens of the P-37 line we noted a probable difference in the number of birds of different genetic groups at loci B18 and E 8. Among birds of this line of genotypes rs and ss no individuals with locus E8 were found, while among chickens with genotype rr rarely found a bird with a locus B18. In hens of line D-4 with genotype rr, the frequency of the A12 locus was set more often than in genotypes rs and ss. As for the frequency of the B33 locus, the opposite pattern was observed. Tumor regression was probably more common in birds with antigenic factor B1 and in the absence of B33. Hypersensitivity to non-plastic diseases of chickens carrying B2, B21, B29, X50 antigens has been established. The bird, more resistant to neoplasms, had an increased number of antigens B3, B18, C26. and research in this direction continues. It is assumed that the plumage color gene (s), if present in homozygous form, is an inhibitor of sensitivity. The experiments used embryos and chickens with different plumage color: red, black, white with a yellow tinge, pure white. Their ratio is approximately 2:1:1 or 3 parts “colored” and 1 part white. It was found that among the “colored” embryos were more stable than sensitive. In fact, the resulting cleavage was close to expected.