Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic that can have a long-lasting impact on public health if not properly managed. Ongoing vaccine development trials involve classical molecular strategies based on inactivated or attenuated viruses, single peptides or viral vectors. However, there are multiple issues, such as the risk of reversion to virulence, inability to provide long-lasting protection and limited protective immunity. To overcome the aforementioned drawbacks of currently available COVID-19 vaccines, an alternative strategy is required to produce safe and efficacious vaccines that impart long-term immunity. Exosomes (key intercellular communicators characterized by low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility and innate cargo-loading capacity) offer a novel approach for effective COVID-19 vaccine development. An engineered exosome-based vaccine displaying the four primary structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 (spike, membrane, nucleocapside and envelope proteins) induces humoral and cell mediated immunity and triggers long-lasting immunity. The present review investigated the prospective use of exosomes in the development of COVID-19 vaccines; moreover, exosome-based vaccines may be key to control the COVID-19 pandemic by providing enhanced protection compared with existing vaccines.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
