Abstract
A recently built position-sensitive atom probe (POSAP) was used to visualize the 3D atom-by-atom microstructures of the oxide-alloy interface of stainless steel. The oxide was formed in oxygen at a pressure of 10 -4 Torr on the clean field-evaporated surface of a type 316 stainless steel. The oxidation was carried out at temperatures of 350°C and 475°C for 5 min. The composition of the oxide and the microstructure of the interface were determined by the POSAP, and were compared with the oxide film on the ferritic phase of a duplex stainless steel formed at 600°C. The oxide films formed at 350°C and at 475°C consist of mostly iron oxide, whereas in the topmost part of the film at 475°C, chromium oxide is predominant. The oxide on the duplex stainless steel at 600°C consists mainly of chromium oxide. The interface is very sharp at 300°C. It becomes slightly rough at 475°C, and a rough interface is observed at subnanometer scale at 600°C. The oxide film tends to grow only in the region just above where molybdenum does not exist.
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