Abstract
Global warming and depletion of resources have fueled research towards innovative building materials of low environmental impact and high performance engineering properties. Porous glass-ceramics were synthesized using municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash (BA) as a starting material. BA was initially milled and then vitrified, as a purification step, by direct microwave heating, characterized by a high glass yield. Highly porous glass-ceramics were produced by intensive mechanical stirring of vitrified bottom ash (VBA) aqueous suspensions under weak alkali activation (1 M NaOH and 2.5 M NaOH) and sinter-crystallization at 800 °C or 900 °C. The obtained glass ceramics, with up to 70 vol% porosity, exhibited compressive strength well above 1 MPa, being comparable to lightweight construction materials, such as aerated concrete. High relative permittivity was measured for the 10 wt% soda-lime glass doped porous VBA material sintered at 800 °C, paving the way for its use as a potential semiconductor catalyst.
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