Abstract
The authors use the second-generation Mesarovic-Pestel model to produce global scenarios. In the first (open-loop) case there is little interaction between different areas (eg agriculture, energy, or resources). The results are similar to forecasts made by other research groups. The authors show that in the long run this open-loop approach is implausible. The closed-loop approach significantly alters the scenarios. This is highlighted by the combined-problem scenario, which adopts some of the more pessimistic assumptions from the other organisations' projections while retaining the interactions between areas. The authors stress the importance of the closed-loop approach when considering global futures. They also examine the regional trends which may be masked by the global figures.
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