Polysaccharides from Ziziphus jujuba prolong lifespan and attenuate oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans via DAF-16 and SKN-1

Abstract

Jujube is a commonly consumed traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) food-drug interaction. Recent evidence revealed crude polysaccharides of jujube extract (CPJE) exhibited bioactive properties in vitro; however, its antioxidant capacity in vivo remains unknown. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of CPJE on growth, locomotion, reproduction, lifespan, and antioxidant defense system using Caenorhabditis elegans. Results showed CPJE were not toxic to C. elegans with no effects on bacterial growth. Compared to control, CPJE significantly increased body length and width, head thrashes, body bends, and brood size of nematodes. In addition, CPJE at higher concentrations significantly increased pharyngeal pumping of the nematodes. Moreover, CPJE at 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL promoted lifespan by 17.9 %, 34.7 % and 46.3 %, respectively. CPJE at higher concentrations reduced level of ROS, increased activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH. CPJE also upregulated the expression of daf-16, skn-1, sod-3, and gcs-1 in N2 nematodes. Meanwhile, results from studies with nematode mutants also suggested that improved stress resistance of CPJE was due to modulation of daf-16 and skn-1. Overall, our results suggest CPJE promote longevity and reduce oxidative stress via DAF-16 and SKN-1. Our findings shed a new light on the utilization of CPJE to attenuate oxidative stress.