Abstract
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are an important large class of two-dimensional (2D) anionic lamellar materials that possess flexible modular structure, facile exchangeability of inter-lamellar guest anions and uniform distribution of metal cations in the layer. Owing to the modular accessible gallery and unique inter-lamellar chemical environment, polyoxometalates (POMs) intercalated with LDHs has shown a vast array of physical properties with applications in environment, energy, catalysis, etc. Here we describe how polyoxometalate clusters can be used as building components for the construction of systems with important catalytic properties. This review article mainly focuses on the discussion of new synthetic approaches developed recently that allow the incorporation of the element of design in the construction of a fundamentally new class of materials with pre-defined functionalities in catalytic applications. Introducing the element of design and taking control over the finally observed functionality we demonstrate the unique opportunity for engineering materials with modular properties for specific catalytic applications.
Highlights
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, the University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
On the basis of summarizing summarizing the traditional intercalation catalysts of POMs and in order to improve the mass the traditional intercalation catalysts of POMs and in order to improve the mass transfer, we reported transfer, we reported the design and synthesis of a novel intercalation POM‐Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) catalyst the design and synthesis of a novel intercalation POM-LDH catalyst (Mg3 Al-ILs-C8 -LaW10 ) by (Mg3Al‐ILs‐C8‐LaW10) by intercalating Na9LaW10O36∙32H2O (LaW10) POM clusters into LDHs, which intercalating Na9 LaW10 O36 ·32H2 O (LaW10 ) POM clusters into LDHs, which have been covalently have been covalently modified with ionic liquids (ILs) [66]
POM‐LDH‐intercalatedcomposites compositesbyby various research groups an to effort to overcome the of POM-LDH-intercalated various research groups in an in effort overcome the inherent inherent challenges with the (i) Some
Summary
Thelayers layerscan canbe bestacked stackedin in two ways, either eitherwith with a rhombohedral (3R symmetry) or hexagonal cell (2H Hydrotalcite symmetry). LDHs prepared directly and their metal calcined mixed metalproducts oxide (MMOs) products solidas base catalyst, andbase promising or supports of catalysts in a variety of fields including used an actual solid catalyst,precursors and promising precursors or supports of catalysts in a variety of organic synthesis,organic adsorption of organic wastes orofheavy metals ions, and the decomposition volatile fields including synthesis, adsorption organic wastes or heavy metals ions,ofand the organic compounds [22]. 10 nm) of bytris(hydroxymethyl) grafting a tripodal aminomethane (Tris) on the outer surface of LDH nanoparticles [23,24,25]. The resulting small-sized LDH nanoparticles possess extremely high anion exchange abilities. Their work provides a potentially new design for the development of LDH-based composite materials
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