Polymorphism of the CAPN1 and GH genes and its relationship with the productivity of cattle of the Kazakh white-headed breed

Abstract

The improvement of beef cattle is associated with the use of molecular genetic testing for genes associated with signs of meat productivity. The article presents the results of studies of gene polymorphism of calpain (CAPN1) and growth hormone (GH) in different sex and age groups of the Kazakh white-headed breed and its effect on the dynamics of live weight of young animals. It was found that polymorphism of the CAPN1 and GH genes is represented by three genotypes of CC, CG, GG and VV, LV, LL, respectively. The most common in the CAPN1 gene are the G allele and the GG genotype, the frequency of which ranged between 0.83-0.89 and 0.72-0.81, in the GH gene, the L allele and the LL genotype, the occurrence of which, respectively, was within 0.60-0.81 and 0.51-0.66. The carriers of the desired alleles, both in the homozygous and heterozygous state, were insignificant: in the CAPN1 gene, in the range of 0.03-0.22, in the GH gene, 0.03-0.31. In the CAPN1 gene, a lack of heterozygotes was observed in all groups, while in repair young animals it was higher than in animals of the parent herd. In the GH gene, a slight excess of heterozygotes was found in manufacturing bulls and repair bulls, while among cows and repair heifers they were deficient. Significant superiority in live weight at 8 and 12 months of age of gobies and heifers carriers of genotypes CAPN1CC and GHVV over peers CAPN1GG and GHLL was established by an average of 13.7 (P <0.05) and 6.8 %%; 12.1 (P <0.05) and 6.7 %%.