Abstract

Polymerized ionic liquids and polyelectrolytes play a major role in a broad range of biological applications including antimicrobials, nonviral gene delivery, synthetic enzymes, metal chelation, and drug delivery. Ammonium- and phosphonium-containing macromolecules will be reviewed with a focus on the literature that examines structure–property relationships of these polyelectrolytes for biological applications. Imidazole-containing macromolecules also receive significant focus due to their natural occurrence in nature and their ubiquitous use in nanomedicine. Special attention to imidazole- and imidazolium-containing polymers will focus on vinylimidazole regioisomers in particular.

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