Abstract
The debate about polycentricity and subordinacy has always been a critical topic that planners, economists, and socialists argued about for centuries. The idea of concentricity vs decentralization has affected all life metabolic activities. Urban structure has always been declared to be the key factor that affects life metabolism significantly. However, after the pandemic COVID-19, the planning strategies have changed dramatically. The main purpose is to investigate the most appropriate urbanization approach that achieves the best development results. The research methodology is to define and measure the fabric independency as an approach to estimate its self-sufficiency that enables it to stand in front of the pandemic challenges at different circumstances. The paper uses the fabric diversity index as a sensitive indicator of independency and polycentricity of the urban structure. The main conclusion for this paper is that independent polycentric urban agglomerations that are strongly linked achieve much better development results than subordinate cities depending on the main core city. The data used for the analysis are extracted from the Urban Atlas developed by the European Environmental Agency in addition to the UN-Habitat annual report. All calculations, analyses, and deductions are exclusively carried by the author.
Highlights
The research in briefDevelopment has always been the main critical topic that economists, socialists, and planners debated about for a long time ago
Research objectives The main objective of this paper is to explore whether monocentric urban structure or polycentric urban structure is the most appropriate and effective planning approach that contributes to development after the pandemic
The ESPON 1.4.3 project targeted to analyze Project 1.1.1 by delimitation of functional urban areas (FUAs) and analysis of polycentricity based on this approach
Summary
Development has always been the main critical topic that economists, socialists, and planners debated about for a long time ago. Theorists have reached by the end of the nineteenth century two main trends of civilization: the first is the very central concentric strategy that depends on the centrality of the decision to guarantee control of resources and actions, and the second is a decentralization strategy that depends on the democratic contribution of all parties in the governance. Major old cities have become overcrowded and saturated due to a massive accumulation of urbanization and evolutionary development that began a long time ago. The growing demand for housing and major activities, caused by the increase of population along the different eras, has encouraged planners to continue urban expansion. Urban expansion was a debatable issue that urban planners, socialists, and economists have been arguing about for a long period of time
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