Abstract
The aim of the work was to determine whether the waste accumulated on the reclaimed sedimentary pond near the Janikosoda Production Plant in Janikowo is still a source of pollution of groundwater. On one of the ponds near the Production Plant in Janikowo, three points were located, in which drilling was done up to the bottom of the layer of solid waste. In each point, samples of sediments were taken to determine electrolytic conductivity and chloride concentration. In order to examine the level of groundwater pollution in the area of the Production Plant, four points around the sedimentary ponds were identified, in which regular monitoring of chloride ions has been carried out since the 1980s. Based on analysis, it was concluded that chlorides are leached from the sediments deep into the soil profile by rainwater and, with high probability, also by water seeping from the adjacent slag pond. Sedimentary ponds are still an important source of pollution released into soils and groundwater around the plant. Nevertheless, chloride concentration in solid waste and groundwater in the area of sedimentary ponds has decreased in the last 20 years.
Highlights
The turn of the 19th and 20th centuries was synonymous with the rapid development of industry, which often led to major changes in all elements of the natural environment [1,2,3,4]
A great example of this is the chemical industry related to the production of soda ash—formerly by the Leblanc method, by the Solvay method
The highest values in points G1 and G2 are in the bottom layer of waste, at a depth of over 12 m below ground level, and range from 48.3 to 54 mS/cm
Summary
The turn of the 19th and 20th centuries was synonymous with the rapid development of industry, which often led to major changes in all elements of the natural environment (soils, groundwater, surface water, air, plants, animals) [1,2,3,4]. The raw materials used in the production are primarily brine, limestone and coke In this technology, high quantities of solid and liquid waste are generated [2,5,6,7,8,9]. Wastewater from the Janikosoda Production Plant (Poland)—a producer of, among others, soda ash—is characterized by a liquid consistency, an alkaline reaction and high concentration of calcium salts (in the form of hydroxides, carbonates, and chlorides). This wastewater, after initial treatment, is discharged to sediment ponds, where its temperature is lowered and the suspended matter settles to the bottom, forming solid waste [8,9]. A significant amount of liquid form, high salt concentration and high wastewater reactions create technical, economic and ecological problems
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