Poliovirus-binding inhibition ELISA based on specific chicken egg yolk antibodies as an alternative to the neutralization test

Abstract

The first application results of enzyme immunoassay system (ELISA) – binding inhibition ELISA (BI ELISA) for the detection of antibodies to polioviruses of three types based on the use of specific antibodies from chicken yolk (IgY) are presented. This variant of ELISA is a “surrogate” neutralization test (NT). When comparing the results of the detection of antibodies in 90 sera of children who were vaccinated with oral and inactivated poliovirus vaccines, good correlation (r = 0.67, 0.61, 0.76 for types 1, 2, 3 respectively) between the BI ELISA and the NT results was shown. The presented variant of ELISA is the further stage of the development of “IgY-technology” for laboratory diagnostics of viral infections, namely poliovirus infection, which can be used for seroepidemiological studies as an analogue of the NT which requires the use of life poliovirus with the required standard of biosafety containment facilities.