Abstract
Commensurately strained epitaxial SrTiO3 thin films on a GdScO3 substrate with anisotropic in-plane tensile strains of 1.46% and 1.59% were grown. By using optical second harmonic generation and polarization measurements, a ferroelectric transition from a tetragonal 4∕mmm phase to a ferroelectric mm2 phase at ∼400K and an antiferrodistortive transition to a multiferroic phase at 150–175K are observed, which are in agreement with thermodynamic calculations. In addition, a series of polarization rotation transitions between ⟨100⟩p to ⟨l00⟩p (0<l<1) is observed in the 4–400K temperature range.
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