Abstract
<p>The main tactics of soybean integrated pest management combine plant resistance and biological control. The impact of insect resistant IAC-24 soybean cultivar [caterpillars of <em>Anticarsia gemmatalis</em> Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in UFVS-2006 soybean cultivar susceptible to insects and water compared to <em>A. gemmatalis</em> in IAC-24 soybean cultivar resistant to insects and water] on the nymphal and adult stages of the predator <em>Podisus nigrispinus</em> Dallas (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) was evaluated. The duration and survival of the instars and nymphal stage and the body mass of nymphs, males and females of this predator were similar between treatments. The periods of pre-oviposition, oviposition, post-oviposition and egg incubation; interval between egg clutch; number of egg clutch per female, eggs per egg clutch, eggs per female, nymphs per female, nymphs per egg clutch and percentage of nymph eclosion and male and female longevity were also similar between treatments. The use of insect resistant IAC-24 soybean cultivar on <em>P. nigrispinus</em> was found to be safe because that legume did not have any deleterious effects on the referred predator.</p>
Highlights
Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, 1818 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the main soybean pest in Brazil, causing defoliation and reducing the productivity of this crop (Fugi et al, 2005)
A similar duration of the instars and nymphal stage of P. nigrispinus with caterpillars of A. gemmatalis in IAC-24 or University of Viçosa (UFV)-2006 soybean cultivars was similar regarding the lack of impact of the Bt transgenic cotton on Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the nymphal stage of the predator Orius sauteri Poppius, 1909 (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae), suggesting that agricultural crops can be genetically engineered to increase productivity, but they have no impact on natural enemies (Zhang et al, 2008)
This differs from the longer duration of the nymphal stage of males and females of P. nigrispinus with caterpillars of A. gemmatalis in insect resistant IAC-17 soybean cultivar (Matos Neto et al, 2002), indicating that the IAC-24 and IAC-17 cultivars may have different degrees of insect resistance
Summary
Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, 1818 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the main soybean pest in Brazil, causing defoliation and reducing the productivity of this crop (Fugi et al, 2005) This pest has been controlled with insecticides (Pereira et al, 2002), but the chemical control can cause pest resistance, death of natural enemies, environmental contamination and toxicity to those who apply insecticides (Zanuncio et al, 1998; Tavares et al, 2009, 2010a). Brazil has cultivated transgenic soybean resistant to glyphosate and used in no-tillage systems, which, was found to have no effect on soybean pests This crop system increased, in some cases, the number of pests because of its high toxicity to natural enemies by herbicide (Berman et al, 2010). The present study was aimed to assess the duration, survival, body mass, reproductive characteristics and the longevity of nymphs and adults of P. nigrispinus with caterpillars of A. gemmatalis in insect resistant soybean cultivar IAC-24 compared to UFVS-2006 cultivar susceptible to insects
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