Abstract
The interaction between genotypes and environment (GxE) can influence the selection process and recommendation of peanut cultivars. The objective of this study was therefore to evaluate the influence of GxE interaction of peanut pod yield using AMMI. The yield of 18 peanut lines and the cultivars IAC Caiapo and Runner IAC 886 was assessed in 10 field trials in the state of Sao Paulo. Significant effects of genotypes, environments and GxE interactions were detected in the analysis. The first AMMI principal component (IPCA1) explained 42.3% of the sum of squares of the GxE interaction. Sixteen of the twenty lines/cultivars under evaluation presented medium to high stability. Genotypes L127, L118, L123 line and Runner IAC 886 accounted for the greatest part of GxE interaction. Lines L132, L149 and L1-50P presented the highest stability and pod yields, above the overall mean, reflecting outstanding potential for cultivar recommendation
Highlights
In the 2004/2005 growing season, the world peanut production totaled around 33.14 million tons
The objective of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic adaptability and stability of eighteen lines and two peanut cultivars in relation to pod yield by AMMI analysis
Considering the sum of squares for treatment, about 58.8, 6.7 and 34.5% of the sum of the squares was explained by the environment, genotypes and genotype x environment interaction (GxE) interaction effects, respectively
Summary
In the 2004/2005 growing season, the world peanut production totaled around 33.14 million tons. Opening opportunities on the international market and the need for more competitive peanut cultivars have led to the implantation of Virginia as substitute for Valencia type cultivars, owing to the higher yield potential in highly technical cropping systems (Sholar et al 1995, Godoy et al 1999). This group of cultivars has a runner or semi runner growth habit and a longer vegetative cycle, which is associated with a higher yield potential. Besides targeting plant architecture and cycle, research has focused on breeding improved kernels for confectionery, known as runner market types
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