Abstract
This paper proposes Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) based adaptive zone settings of distance relays (PAZSD) methodology for protection of multi-terminal transmission lines (MTL). The PAZSD methodology employs current coefficients to adjust the zone settings of the relays during infeed situation. These coefficients are calculated in phasor data concentrator (PDC) at system protection center (SPC) using the current phasors obtained from PMUs. The functioning of the distance relays during infeed condition with and without the proposed methodology has been illustrated through a four-bus model implemented in PSCAD/EMTDC environment. Further, the performance of the proposed methodology has been validated in real-time, on a laboratory prototype of Extra High Voltage multi-terminal transmission lines (EHV MTL). The phasors are estimated in PMUs using NI cRIO-9063 chassis embedded with data acquisition sensors in conjunction with LabVIEW software. The simulation and hardware results prove the efficacy of the proposed methodology in enhancing the performance and reliability of conventional distance protection system in real-time EHV MTLs.
Highlights
Transmission lines are occassionally tapped to provide intermediate connections to loads or reinforce the underlying lower voltage network through a transformer
A laboratory prototype of Extra high voltage (EHV) multi-terminal transmission lines (MTL) is considered to validate the performance of distance relays during infeed condition
4.2 Real-time performance analysis of the conventional distance relay with PAZSD methodology The following conditions are used to detect the zone of fault point using the proposed PAZSD methodology
Summary
Transmission lines are occassionally tapped to provide intermediate connections to loads or reinforce the underlying lower voltage network through a transformer. Such a configuration is known as multi-terminal transmission lines. For strengthening the power system, MTLs are frequently designed as a temporary and inexpensive measure. They can cause problems in the protective system [1]. Abe et al [2] developed asynchronous measurements based protection methodology for fault location in MTLs. The MTLs have been transformed into two terminal lines
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