Abstract
Submerged pipe spillway outlet flow conditions can damage the downstream channel and the downstream end of the pipe spillway. This study was conducted to develop criteria to determine the geometry of riprap-lined plunge pools downstream of pipe spillways with submerged outlet conditions. Dimensionless relationships were developed to estimate the dimensions of plunge pool and riprap size required for stability using a laboratory-scaled physical model with the following test conditions: pipe diameter (Do; 0.0628 m, and 0.0884 m); five submergence depths (TW/Do; 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.1); three downstream channel bed elevations (Z/Do; 0.0, 0.5, and 1.0); and flows varying from 0.0 to 5.0 Q2/gD5. An example design problem is presented to illustrate the use of the recommended design method. The design equations and method will result in stable riprap-lined plunge pools downstream of pipe spillways with submerged outlet conditions over a wide range of flow conditions.
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