Abstract
Background: Pleural effusions are common in patients with HIV infection, however; there is paucity of data on type and description of pleural effusions in HIV infected patients from countries like India where the disease is highly rampant.
 Objectives/aims: Present study describes the clinical, radiological, pathological and bacteriological profile of pleural effusionsin HIV infected patients.
 Methods: Patients with HIV infection having pleural effusion were subjected to detailed clinical evaluation followed by in depth diagnostic workup including radiological assessment, sputum examination, pleurocentesis, pleural fluid biochemistry, cytology, smear and/or culture for bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, pleural biopsy, tuberculin skin testing etc.
 Results: Pleural effusion was seen in 32 (22.6%) cases out of 150 patients with HIV infection.. All pleural effusions were exudates in nature. In 20(58.8%) cases, underlying pulmonary parenchymal disease was evident. Pleural effusion was more common on left side (47%). Tuberculosis was the underlying cause of pleural effusion in 28(82.3%) cases. Four (11.7%) cases had empyema thoracis.
 Conclusion: Tuberculosis is the most common cause of pleural effusion in patients having HIV infection followed by bacterial pneumonia from this varies part of country.
 Key words: HIV infection, pleural effusion
Highlights
Pulmonary diseases are common cause of morbidity in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
Patients with HIV infection having pleural effusion were subjected to detailed clinical evaluation followed by in depth diagnostic workup including radiological assessment, sputum examination, pleurocentesis, pleural fluid biochemistry, cytology, smear and/or culture for bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, pleural biopsy, tuberculin skin testing etc
Pleural effusion was seen in 34 out of 150 patients that were subjected to testing for HIV infection, giving an overall incidence of 22.6%
Summary
Pulmonary diseases are common cause of morbidity in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In India only few studies has mention pleural effusion in HIV/AIDS7-9. In this regard this study highlights the types of pleural effusion in HIV infected patients for the first time from western part of the country. Pleural effusions are common in patients with HIV infection, ; there is paucity of data on type and description of pleural effusions in HIV infected patients from countries like India where the disease is highly rampant. Tuberculosis was the underlying cause of pleural effusion in 28(82.3%) cases. Conclusion: Tuberculosis is the most common cause of pleural effusion in patients having HIV infection followed by bacterial pneumonia from this varies part of country.
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