Abstract
Platinum nanoparticle-embedded porous diamond spherical particles (PtNP@PDSPs), as an active and stable catalyst, were fabricated by spray-drying of an aqueous slurry containing nanodiamond (ND) particles, platinum nanoparticles (PtNP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) to form ND/PtNP/PEG composite spherical particles, followed by removal of PEG and a short-time diamond growth on the surface. The average diameter of the PtNP@PDSPs can be controlled in the range of 1–5 μm according to the spray-drying conditions. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and average pore diameter of the PtNP@PDSPs were estimated to be ca. 170–300 m2 g−1 and ca. 4–13 nm, respectively. When ND with the size of 20–30 nm was used, the size of PtNP in the PtNP@PDSP was almost unchanged at 5–6 nm even after high temperature processes and reuse test for catalytic reaction, showing stable supporting. The catalytic activity of the PtNP@PDSPs for the dehydrogenation of cyclohexane was higher than that for a Pt/C catalyst, which is attributed to the stable PtNP support by the three-dimensional packing of ND and efficient mass transfer via the interconnected through-hole pores in the PDSPs.
Highlights
Of approximately 1–10 μm by adjustment of the atomization speed during the spray-drying process, and the pore size could be changed according to the primary ND particle size in the range of 4–10 nm
platinum nanoparticles (PtNP)@PDSPs were fabricated by spray-drying of an aqueous slurry containing PtNPs and ND particles, followed by diamond growth with microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD)
The PtNP@PDSPs were fabricated from an agglomerate of PtNPs and ND particles formed by forced rapid drying of a droplet of the PtNP/ND slurry; the PtNPs could be embedded in the ND particles homogeneously without change of the PtNP/ND ratio
Summary
Of approximately 1–10 μm by adjustment of the atomization speed during the spray-drying process, and the pore size could be changed according to the primary ND particle size in the range of 4–10 nm. The PtNPs embedded in a PDSP are expected to be tolerant to aggregation or sintering because they are immobilized by three-dimensional packing of the chemically stable ND particles. Access of reactant and product molecules to the active sites is enabled via the mesopores; PtNP@PDSP is expected to act as an active and stable heterogeneous catalyst in the same way as reported core-shell catalysts. The size of the PtNP@ PDSPs is relatively large compared to the typical size of core-shell catalysts (
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