Abstract
BackgroundOne of the IL-17 family members, IL-25, has been implicated with the initiation and amplification of Th2 responses in animal models and has been associated with airway hyper-reactivity. The involvement of IL-25 and also IL-17 in food allergic disease remains to be investigated.FindingsIn this study thirty children suspected of peanut allergic disease underwent a double-blind placebo controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) and IL-25 and IL-17 plasma levels were determined before and after challenge. IL-25 was highly elevated only in subgroup of children with a positive DBPCFC outcome. Plasma IL-25 was absent in children with a negative DBPCFC outcome and in healthy controls.ConclusionsThis study shows that IL-25, an IL-17 family member, is highly elevated only in children with a clinical response to peanut. This suggests a role for IL-25 in the pathogenesis of peanut allergy and elevated plasma IL-25 may be a sign of a severe atopic phenotype.
Highlights
One of the IL-17 family members, IL-25, has been implicated with the initiation and amplification of Th2 responses in animal models and has been associated with airway hyper-reactivity
This study shows that IL-25, an IL-17 family member, is highly elevated only in children with a clinical response to peanut
This suggests a role for IL-25 in the pathogenesis of peanut allergy and elevated plasma IL-25 may be a sign of a severe atopic phenotype
Summary
One of the IL-17 family members, IL-25, has been implicated with the initiation and amplification of Th2 responses in animal models and has been associated with airway hyper-reactivity. Conclusions: This study shows that IL-25, an IL-17 family member, is highly elevated only in children with a clinical response to peanut. To investigate if there is a difference in IL-25- and IL-17 expression in peanut allergic versus peanut tolerant (i.e. peanut sensitized but, not clinical reactive) we determined IL-25 and IL-17 plasma levels, as well as the Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, in a well-defined cohort of peanut sensitized children undergoing a double-blind placebo controlled food challenge (DBPCFC).
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